Inventory 9568
Bengal · 1,420 pages · 284 segments · open at the Nationaal Archief ↗
English
in these great profits rose up against the monopoly with all the freedom peculiar to their nation, they wrote about it to their friends in England, complaints resounded from every quarter, and reached all the way to Parliament; everywhere one heard it said that the English Company had established the salt tax in Bengal. To cut short the consequences that these rumors might cause it, it sent the order with all diligence to its council to dissolve the salt and betel nut committee, and to leave this branch of trade free to all the inhabitants of the country. It could not be executed immediately without causing total ruin to all the members of this society who had advanced their funds; thus a resolution was passed in the council by which it was resolved that it would be continued for one year, in consequence of which it was published throughout the Kingdom that it was free to all native inhabitants of the country to trade in tobacco and betel nut beginning in the month of September 1768; but that until that time no one would be permitted to transport any from one place to another, considering that it was fair that the committee should begin by securing the sale of the entire quantity with which it was supplied. The prohibition of the English Company stipulated that no Englishman should trade in these two items; they acted upon the Nawab so that the same prohibition would apply to the other nations, French, Danish, and Dutch; indeed, a parwana was addressed to them to this effect, but it was not served until long after the publication the English had made that they were leaving this trade free without restriction and without explaining whether this freedom extended only to the natives, or whether it concerned Europeans. Relying on this, everyone hastened to advance their funds according to the terms of the publication, that is to say, under the condition of not being able to transport the merchandise before the month of September 1768. The English, driven by their jealousy, thereupon had the parwana of the Nawab of which I have just spoken addressed to the nations, without regard to the losses they were going to suffer on the advances that each private individual had made on public trust. Various representations having been sent to the English, they replied that they could not interfere in this affair, which depended entirely on the Nawab, and the latter likewise naturally confessed that this conduct on his part was dictated to him, and that he was obliged to obey. So that to this day nothing is yet settled, and those who have advanced their money do not quite know how they will extricate themselves. What is most certain is that, at little expense, the English are seizing all the salt under the name of natives who are attached to them; the Nawab sees it and dares not say anything; the natives of the country, who believe themselves free, are soon disabused; when they present themselves to engage in this trade, they are immediately driven away by English emissaries who hold power in hand, and everyone is obliged to yield, so that all this trade is now positively going to find itself in the hands of the Council of Calcutta alone under assumed names. Matters are already out in the open, and no one can be ignorant of it any longer. What can the Nawab do? He is in a state of dependence, and has no better choice than to submit to the yoke. From this account, it is easy to judge the extent of this monopoly, which is no less than 40 lakhs or 10 million per year. One should no longer be surprised [illegible] after that if private individuals make such sudden fortunes, and if they have so much money to remit to Europe. They object to the other nations that they have no reason to complain of having these trade items forbidden to them, since at all times and before the war the government had never permitted it to them. That is true, but it is also a point on which there have always been complaints on their part as an infringement of their privileges, which give them the right to carry on all branches of trade in Bengal without exception. To be sure of it, let one read the various parwanas of the Nawabs; one will see in almost all of them that we are granted full freedom to trade in silk and silk goods, fabrics, grains, provisions, and waghaira, a Persian term equivalent to what we call in French et cetera. Does not the et cetera include part? If the government opposed it, it is an act of violence that does not take away our right, and we are justly entitled to demand today in Europe that it be put into force. Moreover, a great distinction must be made between the manner in which this prohibition takes place today and that with which it was exercised at the time when the country was governed by its princes and by its laws. By means of presents, costly to be sure, and intrigues on the part of the chiefs of the nations who knew how to secure friends in the prince's council, they obtained special permissions; the proof of this is that Monsieur Courtin had obtained an unlimited one to conduct the salt trade of Dacca in the Kingdom of Assam with an exemption from duties, by means of about fifty thousand rupees that he had known how to distribute appropriately to gain support from the prince. But today there are no such expedients to employ with these English; they swallow everything, and their jealousy does not permit them to grant
Dutch transcription
dans ces grands benefices se leverent Contre le monopole avectoute la liberté particuliere a leur nation, ils en ecriverent a leurs amise en ang leterre, les plainter retentirent de toute part, et parvinrent Jusquau parlement; partout l'on entendoit dire que la Comp=e ang loise aroit etabli la gabelle a Bengale, pour couper Court aux suitter que ser bruits pouvoient lui occasionner, elle ensoya l'ordre en toute diligence a son conseil de rompre le committé du sel et de larreque, et de laisser cette branche de commerce li„ bre a tous les habitants du pais. il ne pouroit s'executer sur le champsans causer une ruine totale a tous les metubres delette societé qui avoient avanéer leur fonds: ausse futil prisune deliberation dans le conseil par la quelle il fut resolu quil seroir suiris pendantune annee, en consequence de quoy il futpu„ „blie par tout le Royaume qu'iletoit libre a tous les habitants na„ „turels du pais de faire le commerce du tabacet de larreque a commencer au mois de Jbre. 1768; meus que jusqua ce temp lon ne permettroita personne d'en transporter dunlieua un autre attendu quil etoit juste que le committé commenca par Jassurer le debit de taute la quantité dontil etoit pourvu. la deffense de la Comp:e angloise portoit quiaucun Anglois n'entalommercer sut ces deux objets, eeux cn agirent aupres du nabat pour quela même interdition ent lieu en verles autres nations francoise, Danoise et hollandoise, en effet il leur futaddresseun pararana acct effet mais qui na ete signiffie que longtempapres la publication que les anglois avoient faitte quils laissoient ce commercelibre sans restriet „tion etsans Epliquer si cette liberté ne setendoit gelaux naturels, onsi elle regardeis 831 regardoit les Européens. sur cette foy chacun sempress at d'avancer ses fonds aux termes de la publication, c'est adire aux conditions de ne pouroir transporter la marchandise avant le mois de Jla. 1768 les anglois exciter par leur jalouse firent, pourlons a adresser aux nations le pararana du Nababdontje viens de parler sans Egard aux perter quelles alloient avoirasoufpir sur les avances que chaque particulier avoit faitter sur la Coy publique. differents repre¬ „sentations ayante te envoyéés aux anglois, ils repondirent quils ne pouvoient se mêler de cette affaire qui de pendoit entierement du Nabas, etcelui on egalement avouoit naturellement que cette conduitte de sa part lui etsit dicteéé, et quil etsit obligé d'obeir. en sorte que jus qua ce jour il ny encore rien de determiné, et ceux qui ont avancé leur argent nescavent trop comment ils s'entireronts ce quil y a de plus certain c'est qu'a bon compte les anglois s'emparent de tout le sel, sous le nom de noirs qui leur sout attachér, le nabab le voitet n'ose rien dire, les naturels du pais quise croyent libres. sont bientot des abusés, Lors quels se presen¬ „tent pour faire ce commerce, ils sontsur le champchasser parles Emissaires Anglois qui ont la force en mainet chacunestobligé de plier, en sorte que tout ce commerce va prositivement setrouver mainte nant entre les mains du conseil de Calcutta seulement sous de noms empreintes: les choses dejase sont a decouvert, et personne ne peutsdus l'ignozer que peut faire le nabab il est dans la dependance, et na pas de meilleur partia prendre que de subir lejong par cet ex posé ie est facile de juger de letendue de cemonopole qui n'est pas de moins de 40. Lacques ou 10. millions parannéé. l'onne doit plus etre surpris Carl en Ed„e „medienaar erde Raaden 000. met 40 3/64„ 293 21 576 prc:o Edele Achtbare 64 3/9 pr C„ rij 1048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„t Advam Comptoire verkogt, al 3 968. 18. 96717- - - - . 9 alhier 31½ prcos duur Prijsen Winst 7017. 16. 8. 2790. 4- . - 65¾ Cento ib den Inko Cent, van hier ge Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in eer over's Comp„s Impertant Belangen in de Rijken Heer apres Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare George Louis Serner Behaar en Orixa &a Beneevens Respectiven Houglijsen Raad. Heer Raaden. erendeert heeft, wat in zulks te kunnen Uwel Edele n. ¶ geheel. Jorl H: H: Damius rie i en la après cela si le particuliers fout des fortunes si subiter, et sils nttant en dargenta faire passer en Europe, ils objectent aux autres nations quelles n'on pointase plaindre qu'on leur dit interditces objets de commerce puisque de tout tempetavant la querre Le gouvernements ne leuravoitjamais permis. celaestrai, mais aussiestee un pointsun lequel ya toujours en des plainter de leur part Comme une infraction a leurs privileges qui leur donnent le droit d'exercer toutes les branches de Commerce a Bengale sans exception, qu'on lise pour senasjurer les differents paravana des nababes lony verradans presque tout que l'on nous accorde la liberté entiere du Commerce des soye et soyeries, toil„ „les, grains, denréer o gaera terme persan qui revient aceque nous appellons en francsis Et cetera: let Et cetera ne comprendt il pas partie si le gouvernement sy est apposé Cestune violence quine nous tire pas notre droit et nous sommer justement fonder ademander acijourd¬ hui en Europe quilsoit mis en viguer d'aibleurs londoit haire unegrande differenee entrela maniere den lete interditiona lieu auijouadthui, staela areclaque lle elleetoite xerces outemp ou le pais etoit regi pas ses princes et par ses loix. moyenant des presents a la verite conteux, et des intriques de la part deschefs de nation quiscavoient se menager des amis aulon„ seil du prince, ils obtenvient des permission particulieres la preure en est que h:s Courtin en avoit obtenieune illimitée pourfaire le commera de sel de Dacca dans le Royaume dassentaveerene exemptionde ons dri moyenanten viron Cinquante mille roupiesqu'il avoit scudistribuer apropos pour gagner des sustrages aupres du prince. Mais aujourdrua il ny a point de pareils de tours a employer visaris ces anglois, ils engloutissent tout, et leur jalousie ne leurper met par d'an accorder la
English
883 the slightest part to the other nations. If they therefore wish private trade to flourish in their colonies, it is of absolute necessity that they lobby the English Company or nation to obtain a general privilege for all branches of trade whatsoever, in exchange for the customary duties that are usually paid to the customs of the Moorish Government. This is an essential point from which one must not relent, if possible, and which directly tends to restore equality of trade between them and the English, as well as to re-establish their authority and credit in the country. On the Surat Cotton Trade This branch has at all times been free to all nations, which brought to Bengal such quality as they deemed appropriate. Today, as the English are masters of Surat, they have seized it to such an extent that it is difficult to procure any except through their channel. This is not even the greatest evil resulting from it; the Council of Calcutta, whose funds are inexhaustible, has found the means to convert this branch into a revolting monopoly, as it has done with all the rest, but this one touches the English Company as well as all the other Companies more directly, as will be proven by the details that follow. The Council of Calcutta charged all its agents in Surat and Bombay last year to retain for its account all the cotton in the quantity it deemed necessary for the consumption and fabric manufacture in Bengal. It had, to this effect, sent all the necessary funds; thus its commission was soon fulfilled. From all honorable Councilors Gentlemen and Honorable servant 1628 1/4 with 65 1/2 percent Adran 7048 3/4 [illegible] 17 1/4 64 3/9 percent ample 000. with 40 3/4 293 21 576 percent Office sold, Honorable 03 39683 18. 6: 17. . . . here 31 1/2 percent expensive Prices Profit 7017.16. 8. 2790. 4 - 65 3/4 whole. per Conclusion of this to serve of August 1765, with when the same in Percent, from here Your Honor Percent on the Purchase rendered, what to be able in such Sir Respective Hooghly a concerning Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms Bihar and Orissa etc. Sir notes To the Right Honorable George Louis Vernet Together with Council. Councilors. important on cloth oris the going [illegible] their princes directed [illegible] under P: H: Damius sides, ships were gathered for the transport of all the cotton that had been seized; it arrived safely. From then on, they were solely occupied with fixing the highest price possible for the reciprocal advantage of the interested parties. Finally, they modestly agreed on 24 rupees and that they would not sell it for less. It must be noted that it costs no more than 10 or thereabouts in Surat, and that it was often seen selling in Bengal at 12, 13, 15, and sometimes 20. It is only in years of crop failure, which rarely occur, that it has been pushed to the price at which it is fixed today by this society, which, in order to sustain it, takes care to buy all that arrives on other English ships which they do not have the authority to prevent from carrying it, so that the entire lot is in the same hands and the price consequently cannot fall. It is a merchandise of absolute necessity for the manufacture of cloth and for which one is therefore always assured of finding a certain outlet. What results from this? By buying it so dearly, the weavers, to whom it often comes only through second and third hands, are obliged to increase the price of their cloth in proportion to that of the cotton that goes into it, and this is one of the reasons that has made the goods of this year so expensive and of such poor quality, because the weaver economizes proportionally on the number of threads that should go into his piece. From this, it is easy to conclude how harmful it is to all Companies that this monopoly be tolerated, and it is in the interest of the English Company itself to take proper measures to correct such abuses. I imagine that this is a point on which it will not be difficult to obtain satisfaction; it is too interested, as are the other nations. The quantity of cotton that this association has taken on this year in Calcutta is about one hundred thousand maunds.
Dutch transcription
883 la moindre petite partie aus autres nations. si doncelles veulent florix dans leurs colonies le Commerce particulier, ile st de toute necessité quelles travaillent aupres de la Compe ou de la nation angloise pour quon leur accorde un privilege Genéral pourtouter les branches de commerce quel gouques, moyennant les droits accoutumer et quil est d'usage de payer aux douaner du Gouvernement maure. cestun pointessentiel dont l'on ne doit passerelacher, sil est pos„ „sible, et qui tend directementa ramener l'egalité du commerce entre elle et les anglois, ainsi qua retablir dans le pais leur autorité et leur Credit. Du Commerce de Cotton de Suratte Cette branche a de tout tempeté libre a toutes les nations, so qui en appostienta Bengale telle mualité quelles Jugeoéent apropds. Aujourdhui que les anglois sont le maitres de suratte ils sen sonttellementempares quil estcdifficte de sen procurer que parleur Canal ce niest, pasencore leplus grand malqui en re„ sulté; le Conseil de lalcutta dont les fonds sontinepuisab les a trouvé moyen de convertircette branche en un monopole revoltant. ains quil la faitsertorut lerese, mais cel ui cytouchede plus vries la i„ Comp:e: angloise ainsi quetoutes les autres Compes. comme il va u etre prouré parle detail qui suit„ Le Conseil de Calcutta a Mharge Cannee deaniere tous ecagarst a suratte et Bombay de retenir pours on compte tous les Cottonsdont ve. la quantité quil ajugéé necessaire pour la consammationetles vn fabriques detoilles a Bdengale, il avvita ccteffet fais passertous les fonds necessaires, ainsi sa commissiona eté brentot remplie, de touse erde Raaden barl en Ed„o medienaar 1628 ¼ met 65½2 prC„t Adran 7048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„ ruijm 000. met 40 3/4 „ 293 21 576 prC:o Comptoire verkogt, Edele Achtbare 03 39683 18. 6: 17. . . . alhier 31½ prco duur Prijsen Winst 7017.16. 8. 2790. 4 - 65¾ geheel. pr Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in Cent, van hier ge Uwel Edele Cento ib den Inko gerendeert heeft, wat in zulks te kunnen Heer Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comps Impertanten „ Belangen in de Rijken n Behaar en Orixa &a Heer lotes Aan den Wel Edele Achtbar George Louis Vernet Beneevens Raad. Raaden. tantn sur toil„ oris d„ gaande ui staella sesp princes riges on„ adtiel onder P: H: Damius cottesl ona rassemble des raisseaux pour le transport de tout le cotton quise trouroit arreke, il es parvenu a bon port. des lors 'on ne sest ples occu¬ pe qua y fixer les prixle plus haut que l'ona pu pour l'avantage reciproque des interessé enfir l'onest convenu mo destement de 24 roupies et que s'om na le vendroit pas a moins il faut noterquil n'en coute pasplus qui 10 au en virona suratte, et ques ourent ou la rusevendre a Bengale a 12. 13. 15 et quel quees fris 2o, il ny a que dans les annees de manque de recolte quar„ rivent rarement quil a ete pousse au prix ouil est fire aujourd hui par cette societé qui afin dele soutenir a soind'achetter lout celui quei arrive suis d'autres taiseaux anglois aux quelsils n'ont pas lautorité d'empecher denporter, en sorte que toute la partie se trouve dans la même mains et le prix par consequent re peut en baisser, cestune marchandise de touta necessité pour la fabrique des toiller et dont l'onest toujours par consequeen „as suré de trouver une de faitte certaine, qu'en resulle t il ?. cestqui en lachettant aussi cher les tisserands a qui il ne parvient sourent quie te coupies dans de la seconde et latroisieme main rout obliger d'augmen ter le priy dele en toilles en proportion de celui du cotton qui y entre et Cestune des rai„ sons quia ren du les marchandises de cetteannee si hauter et desi „ Aur mauraise qualité, parseque letisserande pargne a proportion surle nom Hyr bre des fils que devroiententres dans sapiece. de lailestfacile te Concelure Con 2n8 „bien il est misible atoutes les Compes. quese monopolesoit souffer tet Arabie „Ar il est de lavantage même de la Comp=e anglois de prendre de Justes mesi „res pour carriger de pareils abus. Jimaginé que Cestemnpoint sur le Cellec quel il ne serapas defficile d'obtenir satisfaction elle gest trop interes elesang „jée ainsique levantres nations la quantité de Cotton dont Cette et autres association sest char gée cette année a Calcutta, est denviron lent mille om de 14 mans
English
in the terce contain maunds, which consequently makes twenty-four lakhs, or 6 millions at the price of 24 rupees the maund; it follows then that there are six lakhs that the city is obliged to bear; it is clear that this is so much loss in the commerce of the Companies, from which a very small number of private individuals profit. What we advance here has nothing exaggerated about it; it is a proven fact and in the most exact truth; we want no other witnesses than the entire public of Calcutta itself. Of the Gold Rupees. Although this article has only an indirect connection with the commerce of the nations, it was nevertheless deemed necessary to insert it here in order to expose further to the Public the tyrannical and unjust conduct of the English in all points of their administration. They decided to strike gold Rupees at their mint to which they fixed the value of 14 sicca rupees, whereas they really contain only 12 rupees of which mention is made, that of twelve Rupees and eight annas, which is easy to prove by the assay. When they first appeared, all the merchants and Bankers refused to receive them at this price which caused them a loss; the English then made a regulation in Calcutta to which they obliged everyone to submit, by which every inhabitant, White and black, is ordered to give currency to this coin at the rate that had been fixed for it, that is to say at 14 sicca rupees. The order passed and was executed, but when they subsequently wished to give it the same force throughout the whole extent of the Kingdom, all the Bankers revolted; then they acted towards them with force and violence; they were imprisoned, beaten; finally, when it was seen that all these mistreatments were not effective enough, they had the cruelty to make an example worthy of the barbarism of the earliest centuries: two were hanged at Moxuddabad; let one judge from this what is to be expected from an administration that is governed by such principles. Copper: —: 61. 7/100. - 700 16. annas There are some that contain in Gold only 13 annas: —: — silver: 1. ½. — copper: 1. ½. — 16. annas. These are worth only 10 rupees and the English force the bankers and others to take them at the rate of 14 rupees. in silver: —. 1. 43. 19/100. in 82: - - - - - annas 13:54 1/10. on the 000. with 40 3/64 24 123/376 percent Honorable, Worshipful [illegible] Council fellow servant Office sold, as 1628¼ with 65½ percent Advance 5048¼ with 17¼ 61 9 percent ample 33 968. 18. 967:17 - - - - - 9 here 31½ percent expensive Prices Profit percent 7017. 16 8. 79. 4 - . . 65½ entire. Conclusion of this [illegible] to serve from August 1765, with as the same in the Your Honorable Cent, from here [illegible] 1 Cent in the Purchase in order to be able to has yielded, what a report on the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms of Behaar and Orixa etc. Sir To the Right Honorable, Worshipful Lord George Louis Verner Together with the Respective Council of Hougly. Lord Councillors. H: H: Damius mans Of the Private Commerce of the nations. The English, always restless and unable to conceal the envy that consumes them, have just dealt to the private commerce of the nations the most sensible blow, and the most suited to annihilate it in all its branches. Convinced internally that it was not fitting for them to let their name appear in this matter for fear of exposing themselves to the indignation and well-founded reproaches of the nations, who would not fail to unite to rise against them, they made the hidden springs of which they composed the machine move through the Nawab, who at their solicitation has just issued a prohibition addressed in the form of a Letter to the director of the French nation, by which every kind of commerce has been forbidden, except that of loading the Vessels for Europe. A copy of this prohibition, translated from the Persian, was sent to the Company of Patna. It states that in the future no Frenchman shall have permission to trade in grains, Butter, oil, Wood, and even bamboos, nor any other branch. It is easy to see by this enumeration that the English spirit that dictated this letter took care to enter into this minute detail only to make the interdiction more complete, and to reduce the nations to nothing despite all their privileges. English policy, in order to make its pernicious system succeed, has taken care to attack in this matter only one nation at a time; it is the French upon whom it struck first, for fear that if the blow fell at the same time upon the Dutch, the two nations would unite to defend themselves.
Dutch transcription
dans le terse Contiennent manse, cequifait par consequent vingt quatrel acques, ou 6. millions au prix de 24. loupies le man, ies en suit donc quese fontsix lacques que latville est obligée de supporter, il estclair que cest autent de perte dans le commerce de Comp:s, dout profite untres pe tit nombre de particuliers leque nous avan couse ici na rien d'outré, cestem fait proure et dans la plus exacte verike, nous n'en voulons pas d'auskze temoins que tout le publicde calcutta même. Des Roupies Dor. Quoique cet article nait quun rapport in directa vee le Com¬ „merce des nations, cependant l'onacru devoir linserrerici pour developpe de plus en plus au Publicta conduitte tyrannique et injuste des anglois danstousles point de leuradministration ils ont decidé de battre a leur monnoye des Roupies d'or auquelle ils ont fixé la valeur de 14 roupies sicca tandis quelles wont reellement nue ze roupies dont il est faitmention celle de douze Roapies et heut anas cestee quil ess factile de prouver par Cessay; au commencement quelles ont paru, tous les marchands et Ban quierse ont refusé de lesreceroir surce prix qui leur cans out de laperte, les an„ „. Auvze _ —: 61. 7/00. - gloise pour lons on faitun reglement a Calcutta aquielils ontobliger 700 16. anas toutle monde deses oumettre, par lequel il est or donné achaque habi„ Hyena quine Contienent tant Blancetnoir de donner cours a cette monnoije sur le taux qu 1o1 en Orque anas 13: —:— „ argent _o 1. ½. — on lui aroitfixe cesta dire a1 4 roupies sicca. l' ordre a passé, era ct e bie abi mesi 4. Cuirre _. 1. ½. — executé, mais lors qu'en suitte ona voulu lui donner la mêmevigeur 16. anas. danstoutel Etendue du Royaume, touis les Banquiers so sont revoe„ celle cy nevalent que 10. roupies tés; alors l'on aagi en ver eux avec force etviolence, ils onte té empris on¬ op interes et les anglois forcent les banquiers cette et autres a les prendre a raiz, ner batius, en finlors que l'on a ruquetous aes mauraistraittements netdient pointasjes efficases, l'ona cu la cruanté de serirpar un Exemple ntwille n de 14 roupies. om argent —. 1. 43. 19/100. en 82 - - - - - anas 13:54 1/10. sur le 000. met 40 3/64„ 24 123/376 pnrco Edele Achtbare erde Raaden do barl enEd medienaar Comptoire verkogt, als 1628¼ met 65½ pr C„t Advan 5048¼ „ „ 17¼„ 61 9 prC „ ruijm 33 968. 18. 967:17- - - - - 9 alhier 31½ prcs diur Prijsen Winst porC 7017. 16 8. 79. 4 - . . 65½ geheel. Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in het Uwel Edele Cent, van hier ge 1 Cento ib den Inkoop in zulks te kunnen erendeert heeft, wat een over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ Heer digne Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare George Louis Verner Beneevens Respectiven Houglijsen Raad. Heer Raaden. H: H: Damius mans digne de la Barbarie des premiers siecles, in deuxeté penduj a moxudda „bad, que l'onjuge de la ceque Condoit attendre dune administrationqui se gouverna sur de pareils principes. Du Commerce particuliers des nations. Les Anglois tou jours inquiets et ne pourant dissimuler l'envie quif les rougeviennent de donner au commerce particulier des nations le coup le plus sensible et leplus propres a l'aneantir danstoutes ses bran „cher persuader interieuzement quil ne leur Couvenoit par de faire pa„ „roitre leur nom dans cette piece de peur de sey posera l'indignationetaux reprocher fonder des nations quine pour roient simpecher dese reunir pour selever contreup, ils ont fait reunier les ressonto cacher dontils ont composé la machine, parle nabab qui a leur sollicitation vient de faire paroitre une deffense addressée en forme de Lettre au direc¬ teur de la nation, francoise parla quelle toute Espece de lommer a otr inter dit Egepte kelui duchargement des V:am pour Europe, Copie de cette defense traduitte du persana eté envoijée al a comp=e. de pante. elle porte qua l'avenir aucun francois n'aura permission de com„ meras en grains, Beurre, huile, Bois et même bamboux ny toute autre branche, il est facile devoir parcette emmeration quel espuit anglois qui adieté atte lettre na cusden d'entrer dans secetail mi„ „nutieux que pous rendre l'interdiction plus complotie, et reduiac a zienles nations en depit de tous leurs privileges la politique an= =gloise pour faire reussir sonsisteme pernicieur, aenso in de natta„ quer dans cette partie mieune nation ala fois, Cestla francoise sus quielle a frappé V'abord, de peur que sile coup pertoit en nême temp surles hollandoise, les deux nations ne se reunissent pour daffenbre
English
839 defend their interests jointly and oppose the dangerous aim of their adversaries. It is therefore prudent to prevent the storm before it breaks, for there is no doubt that once the French are stripped of their privileges, the Dutch will soon be attacked in their turn, and the two nations will find themselves continuously reduced toward the annihilation that is intended for them. Unfortunately, they have only too much reason to fear that English power no longer recognizes any bounds, greed makes everything permissible to it, and all means are good provided they lead to the goal. The privileges of the nations are no longer respected there, every day the law of nations is violated there, and in short they only desire to discourage them through all kinds of vexations and injustices to make them abandon a country where they are tolerated only with difficulty. Depriving them of commerce, which is the sole reason that makes them remain, is indeed the way to drive them out. The two Companies ought to feel well enough how important it is for them to unite on so essential a point; indeed, if they allow the private trade of India to be destroyed, that of Europe will soon suffer the same fate. They have too much connection with one another for one not to seek to support them equally. Besides, what must be the goal of the East India Companies? Is it not the expansion of the trade of the State, and does not private trade form a considerable part of it? Is it not this that supports all the subjects who are scattered in the Indies, and without it who would wish to attach themselves to a service which in itself could not Sir and Councilors Carl and Honorable s fellow servant office sold, as 1628¼ with 65½ percent advance 1048¾ with 57¼ 64 3/9 percent space 000 with 40 3/4 24 23/376 percent Honorable Worshipful Prices Profit 13 96. 16. 967 7. - - . 9 here 31½ percent discount per cent 7017. 16 8. 279. 4 - . 65¾ total. Conclusion of this sale to serve from August 1765, with as the same in yielded, what to be able to do so percent on the purchase percent, from here to Your Honorable and respective High a memorandum on the Company's important interests in the kingdoms of Bihar and Orissa etc. George Louis Vernet to the Honorable Worshipful Councilor. along with Sir Councilors. H: H: Damius not suffice for those who are there, given the mediocrity of their emoluments? These reflections are only too just, and the matter is too important not to oblige the two Companies to unite to demand in England the maintenance and guarantee of all their privileges and exemptions in this part of the Indies; and if an equitable arrangement that ought to be made is reached with the English Company, it is necessary that it be executed in writing in the form of a treaty endowed with all the authenticity and force that such a document must have. Of Maritime Commerce This branch, which ought not to be subject to any restraint and whose extent is more than sufficient to satisfy all nations, is nevertheless not exempt from vexation, tyranny, and monopoly. The English, who embrace it almost entirely by the immense number of their vessels as much at Bengal as at Madras and Bombay, push their jealousy to the point of impatiently tolerating the few expeditions undertaken by other nations; thus there is nothing they do not employ to thwart them and make them turn to the ruin of those who undertake them. The voyages to Jeddah, Mocha, Basra, and Surat are almost no longer practicable except for them, due to the measures they have taken to secure the freight of all the merchants of Bengal; the Council of Calcutta fits out vessels for these different places and loads them almost entirely on freight. For this purpose, they compel the merchants by force to give them their goods; if any one of them refuses, his ruin is certain, they raise up against him
Dutch transcription
839 deff en dre conje intementleur in tezetset 's' opnoser an but dangereux de leur adversaires. il est done prudent de prevenier l'orage arant quileelatte, ar il nest pas douteur ques les francris sout une fois de pouiller de leur privileges les hollandois serous bientot attaques a leurtour, et les deux nations se trouveronvinces samment reduitte aupred d'aneantissement quel on se pro¬ prose: elles wont mal heureusement quet rop seijer de apprehen der la puissance Angloise ne lonnoit plusde bornes, la cupidité lui rend tout permis, et tous les moyens sont bont pourruquils conduisant au but. les privileges des nations ny sont plus respectes chaque jour le droit desigens ye it tiole, en f in Conna envrie que de les decourager, par toute sorte de vexations et d'injastics pour leur faire ab andonner un pais ou il ne sont soufferte qu'arec peine c'estbien le moyen de les en chasser quede les priver du commerce que est le seul motifqui les qfair demeurer. les deux Comp„e d'oivent asser senterlombier il leur est emportant de sunersur un pointaressiessen„ tiel; en effetsielle laissent detruire le commerce particu „lier de l'snde, bien tot celui d' Europe aura le même sort ils onttrop de connexion lun avecl autre pour qu'on nedoir par chercher a les soutenir egalement d'ailleurs queldoit etrele but des Comp:s E: n'estce pas l'aggrandissement dul om =merce de lEtat, et le particulier n'enfaitil pasrine partie considerable ? n'estee pas lui quifait virre tous les sujets qui sont repandus dans les indes, et sauslui quisont eur qui voudrvient Pattacher a un service qui parlui même nepour Heer erde Raaden Carl enEd s „medienaar Comptoire verkogt, als 1628¼ met 65½ pr C„t Advan 1048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„ reeijm 000. met 40 3/4„ 24 23/376 porc:o Edele Achtbare Prijsen Winst 13 96. 16. 967 7. - - . 9 alhier 31½ prc s disurd JorC 7017. 16 8. 279. 4 - . 65¾ ¶ geheel. Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat in zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inko Cent, van hier ge t UwelEdele en Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Verner zoit Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens Raad. Heer Raaden. ve H: H: Damius „roit suffire accux qui ysont, vula mediverité dese Emo human cesreflexions sont tropjustes, est la matiere en esttrop importan ce pourne pas de voireng agerles deux Comps asereuner pour de „mander en Ang letterre la manutention et la garentre de tour teur privileges et deleur Exemptions dans cette partie des indes, estsila parvientaveela Comp=se anghoise a C'arrangement equitable qui ddit etre pris,ilest de nexessité quil soitpassé par Eeriten forme de traitté revetu de toute l'authenticité et la force quime parielle piece doitavoir. Du Commerce maritime Cette Branche qui ne devroit etre seijette a acune géne et decit l'êtendrie est plusque suffisante pour satis faire zout les nations, n'estlependant pasexempte de la veration, de latij„ „rannie et du monopole les anglois qui l'embrassent presque en entier pasle nombre immense de leuers V=amus tanta Bongala qua Madras et Bomban, poussent leur jalousie au point de soupfrir impatiemment le peu d'armements queles autres nations Entrepresement; aussiil ny a zien quil ne mettent en vrage pour lestraverser, et let faire tourner a la perte de leux qui les Entreprennent. Les voyages de Iedda, moka, Bassora et suratte, ne sontpres que plus praticables que pour euex par les mesures quils ontpris pour s' assurer le fret de tousles marchans de Bengale, le Conseil de Calcutte arme des Vaisseaux pour es diffe¬ renter placer et les chargent presque en Entier a fret, pour ceseffet ies obligent par forceles marchands a leur donner leurs marchan„ dises, siquel quin d'eux ls repise, sa perteest assurée, on lui suscitte des
English
859 of affairs, to chicanery which inevitably leads to it; the Armenians obey them out of fear and no longer dare load anything on French or Dutch vessels. When they wanted to maintain this freedom, their trade was stopped until they were brought to the goal that was intended for them. The Council of Calcutta has made itself so despotic on this point that even the private English vessels cannot obtain passes until those of the Council have received all that they need; and one has often seen the peons of the Councilors in charge of this district run along the river bank, seize the bales of merchants that were there, and have them transported aboard the Council's vessels, although the freighter had instructions to give them to another. This iniquitous conduct has excited the general complaints of all the private English merchants, who have made all England resound with it through their private letters, and there is not one of them who is not ready to attest to all that we put forward here in this regard. Where then is freedom now, let them on the contrary cite a country where one is treated with more slavery and servitude; these are certainly not the English laws that authorize these abuses, they are on the contrary the support of justice and the protection of the oppressed, but they have no force in India; the persons in office make new ones which they accommodate to their ambitious views and their interests; in short, it is cupidity that becomes the legislative power, and which, supported by force and authority, commits all these abuses, these excesses, and these disorders of which 1628¼ with 65½ per cent advance 7048¾ with 57¼ per cent 64 3/9 per cent space 000 with 40 3/64 per cent 24 23/376 per cent Honorable Sir and Councilors Carl and 6th office sold, as servant Prices Profit 9463. 15. 967. 17- - - - 96¾ here 31½2 per cent more expensive 701. 16. 8. 79. 4- . . 654 as a whole. Conclusion of this [illegible] to serve as August 1765, with as the same in cent, from here the Honorable in being able to percent on the purchase has yielded, what and on the Company's important interests in the kingdoms of Bihar and Orissa, etc. to us To the Right Honorable George Louis Vernet Together with respective Hooghly Council. Sir Councilors. per cent [illegible] H: A: Daniel we are so justly grounded to voice complaints and demand justice. It is indeed principally to oppose the maritime trade of the nations in Bengal that the English have just compelled the Nawab to forbid them inland trade; they know perfectly well that it is on this one that the other depends, and that if they can manage to prevent us from it, it will become useless for us to have vessels since it would be impossible for us to procure the cargoes necessary for their loading. It follows from this that they achieve by this means the goal they set for themselves, which is to throw us into their complete dependence for all things, even the most necessary to life; since once we have been stripped of the freedom to provide for ourselves on our own, we shall of absolute necessity be compelled to have recourse to them and to ask them as a favor to grant us the most indispensable things, paying for them at the price they deem fit to assess them, so that it is clear that our work and our labor will turn entirely to their profit, and that the nations will find themselves established here not for their own benefit, but indeed to make the fortune of private Englishmen. Is this not what is already happening today in the cloth trade, the subject of which we are going to treat; through the efforts and measures they have taken to prevent us from procuring in the aurangs the cloths necessary for the loading of the Europe vessels, they compel us to buy them from them for cash and at so high a price that one can scarcely hope to recover their value in Europe; without this, one must resolve to dispatch the vessels empty; hence the discredit and ruin of the Company, this is the detail into which we are going to enter in the following article. The
Dutch transcription
859 des affaires A des chicannes quilui conduisent indubitable„ „ment les armeniens leur obeissent pas crainte et nosent lus rien charger surles Vaus francoise ou hollandoise Lorsquils ont voulu conserver cette liberté ona arretté leur commerce, ½ Jusqua cequils ayent e te amenér au bus que l'onse proposit deux, le conseil de Calcutta s'estrendusi despotique surce point, que les vaisseaux particulier anglois mêmes ne peuvent obte„ nir de pesjus qua ce queceux du conseilayent recutout celui dontils ont besoin, et l'ona souvent vu les pions des conseiller charger de ce distriet courir surla bord de la riviere, en lever les Balles de Marchands quise trouvoiente t lesfaia trans porter a bord des raisseaux du conseil quorque le fretteur ent instruction de les dommer a un autre; cette condusteliniqua a excite les plainter generales de tout les marehands par, =ticulier anglois qui en ontfait retentir toute Langle„ terre par leurs Lettres particulieres, et il ny a pas undeux qui ne soit pret a attester tout le que nous avancouse ici acetegard. ow est donc maintenant la liberté, que l'on cité au contraire un pais ou l'on soittraitté avec plus d'es. clavage de servite; cendelont certainement point lesloix anglia qui autor is antcesabus, elles sont au contraire l'appuy dela justice et la protection de l' opprimé, mais elles n'ont aucone force dans linde; les personnes en place en font de nouvelles quils accomodentaleur vuer ambitiens eta leurs interets, en f in cestla cupidité qui de„ vient la puissance legistative, et qui soutenue de la force ct de l'autourté. Commet tous ces a bus ces exces et ces desor dresdont 1628¼ met 65½ prC„t Advan 7048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„ reeijm 000. met 40 3/64 „ 24 23/376 prco Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Carl en 6d„o Comptoire verkogt, als medienaar Prijsen Winst 9463. 15. 967. 17- - - - 96¾ alhier 31½2 poc diurd 701. 16. 8. 79.4- . . 654 s geheel. Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in Cent, van hier ge het Uwel Edele in zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inko erendeert heeft, wat en over's Comp„s, Impertanten „Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a nons Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare George Louis Serner Beneevens espectiven Houglijsen Raad. Heer Raaden. prC ve H: A: Damiel nous sommes si justement fouder a parter des plainter es demander justice. C'est bien prencipalement pour s opposer au commeree mari „time des nationsa Bengale, que les anglois vrennent de contraindre Le na baba leur interdice le commerce de terre; ils scavent parfaitement que c'est decelui en que depend l'autre et que sils peuvent parvenir anons lempeche des lotsil nous derrendrainutile daroir des Veurs pus quil nous seroit impossible cle nous procurer les cargaisons necessaires a leur chargement ils en suit de la quils parviennent parce moijen au but quils e proposent, quiest de nous jetter dans lecrentiere dependance voourtoutes les choces memes lesplus recesuiresala re peuis que Cos quon nous aura oté la liberté de nousen pourvoisparnous mêmes, nous serons de toute necessite Contrainte a avoir recours a euxetaleur deman der commeune gracede nous accorder leschoeeles, dus indispensables cu les payant au prix quils jugeront apropos de les taxer, en sorte quilest clair que notre travail et notrela beur tourneront entierement a leur mopi, et queles nations se houverontE tablies ici non pour leur paropre avantage mais bien pour faire la fortune des particulier Angloise n'est le pas ce que arrive deja aujourd hui dans le tommerce destoilles dont nous allons traitter l'article, par les soins et les mesures qu'ils ont prix pour empecher de nous procures dans les harains lestoiles necessaires pour lechaagement de sais seaur 'lurope is nous Contraignent ales achte =ter d'eux au comptant et aun prixsicher qua peine pentones peres den hau ver la valeuren Europe sans celail fantse resondre aex pedier les Vaus a viuide, dela le dicredit et la ruine des Compr dest le de tail dans le quel nous allons entres. dans l'article suivant. Die
English
841 Concerning the trade of European vessels. It is here that the importance of the subjects requires the most serious attention of the nations primarily interested in them. In the grievances that we have just presented, we have shown the infringements made upon the privileges granted to us; we have exposed the violence, monopolies, and vexations that the English practice to our detriment in all branches of trade. But in this article, it is the lifeblood of the Companies that is attacked; it is their very existence that they wish to destroy. Our trade is stopped; our goods are seized by open force; weavers are forbidden to work for anyone other than the English. Punishments and tortures are prepared for their heads if they violate these tyrannical orders. If the lure of gain causes them to overcome their fears, if they receive our money, and finally if they begin to work for us, English spies give notice of it; instantly, henchmen are sent to their homes, the cloth is cut on the loom, and they themselves are ignominiously dragged from their houses, beaten, and sentenced to fines. In short, the most slavish yoke is weighed down to such an extent that almost the entire body of weavers has revolted; several have abandoned their trade and preferred to become laborers; all the others have suspended their work for four months, which has consequently reduced the manufacture of cloth this year to one-third less than it usually is. Meanwhile, the English had advanced immense sums in the manufactures, both for their Company and for private accounts. Not wishing to be left behind, and trampling underfoot the law of nations, natural equity, and the justice they owe to everyone as masters of the country, in order to fill the void that their mistreatment of the weavers caused to their trade, they published orders by 000. with 40 3/64„ 24 1/3576 per cent Honorable, Respected Sir and Councilors Carl and Honorable servant Office sold, as 1628 ¼ with 65½ per Cent Advance 1048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 per Cent clean Prices Profit 0 968. 1 67 17- - - - . 96¾ here 31½2 per cent through 701: 1638. 279. 4 - . . 654 per Cent as a whole. Conclusion of this report to serve from August 1765, with as the same in Cent, from here and Your Honor Cent on the Purchase in being able to do such has rendered, what a report on the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms of Bihar and Orissa &c. To the Honorable, Respected George Louis Verner Together with and Respective Council of Hooghly. Sir Councilors. men. H: H: Damius the sound of trumpet so that for three months no piece of cloth should be manufactured for anyone other than the English nation. The just representations made on the part of the nations to the Council of Calcutta, the bitter complaints brought there, had no effect. They were satisfied to lure us with vague promises, to excuse the violences of which we accused them, and to disguise the truth with fabricated fictions or proven lies. In short, our commerce found itself ruined, and it borders on the moment of its destruction. Out of more than twenty-five lakhs of Rupees that the Dutch advanced into the aurungs, today, after more than a year, barely a fourth of the goods have been returned to them; out of approximately sixteen lakhs distributed, barely one-third was received. The Dutch, however, loaded three vessels, but it was with the goods they had in reserve in their warehouses from the preceding year, and everyone knows they are accustomed to always having one or two complete cargoes in advance; their fourth vessel was sent back empty. The French dispatched three, but in what manner: by purchasing their cargoes with cash from the hands of English individuals, who sell to them at whatever price they please, taking full advantage in this of the necessity they know the French have to buy from them, despite the high prices and the defect in quality and assortment. There are no arguments that can destroy such a fact; it is unfortunately all too proven in the invoices and accounts sent to the French Company. The contract goods and those purchased with cash are listed separately, so that by comparing them one can see in what manner their vessels were laden and how much they were wronged in the prices. What better could they do than to submit to the harshness of circumstances? There was no alternative; they had to go through with it or resolve to send the Company's vessels back empty, which would inevitably bring about the loss of its credit and its ruin, especially while it was laying the foundations for its reestablishment. This is the frightful picture that we have to paint, gentlemen.
Dutch transcription
841 Du commerce des Vaus. d'Europe. C'estici que limportance des matieres requere toute l'atten¬ „tion la plus serieuse les nations qui y sont principalement interesseer dans les griefs que nous venons deposer nous avons fais voor les attein„ terque l'on porte aux privileges qui nous sont accorder, nous arons mis= aujour les violences, les monopoles et les vexations que les anglois exea, cent a notre prejudice danstoute les branches de commerce, mais dans cetarticle Ceslenerf de Comp=s qui estattaque, cestleurexis„ tence que l'onvent aneantir, l'on arreté notre commerce, l'onenleve a force ouverte nos marchandises, l'on deffend au tisserand detravailles pour d'autres que vour les anglois les chatiments et les supplices sont prepa„ „rer surlate tesil contrevient ces ond restraannique, sil appas de gain lui fait sarmonter ses crainter, sil recoit notre argent, enf in sel commence a travailler pouer nous, les Espions An glois en donnentaris, dans linstant & des satelitessonteinvoyijes cher lui atvile eot corpée sua le metier lue même est arraché ig nominicusement de sa maison frappé de coupset condamnesa des amender en finle joug le polus servile estappesantia unpointque be Corps de presque tous les Visserands sestrevolté, plusieurs ontabandon né leur metier et ont mieux aime se faire la voureur tousles autres ont suspenduleur ouvrage pendant quatre mois, cequi a reduit par consequenteette annéel a faprique des toiles auntiers moindre quelle na loutume d'étre lependant les anglois avvient avancé des sommes immanser dans les manurf actures tant pour leur Compe. que pourle compte particulier ils n'ont pas voulu rester de larrier, et Couelantays pieds le droit des nations, lequité naturelle, et la justice quils doivent a tout le monde en qualite de maitzes dupais ils ontpour remplir le vei de queleur mau =vais traittements envers les tiserands Causdientaleur Commere, publie des ondres a on 000. met 40 3/64„ 24 1/3576 prco Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Carl en Ed„ „medienaar Comptoire verkogt, als 1628 ¼ met 65½ pr C„t Advan 1048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 prC„ reijm Prijsen Winst 0 968. 1 67 17- - - - . 96¾ alhier 31½2 prc s dourd 701: 1638. 279. 4 - . . 654 JonC s geheel. Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in Cent, van hier ge et Uwel Edele Cento ib den Inko in zulks te kunnen erendeert heeft, wat een over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare George Louis Verner Beneevens en Respectiven Houglijsen Raad. Heer Raaden. ren. H: H: Damius de andsauxang de trompe pour quil nese fabrique pendant trois mois aucune piece de tville pour autre quee pourla ration angbris es justisctirer epresentationqui onte te paitan dela aart te nations cue conscil de Calcetta leur pleinter ameres qui yonte te porter n'on point en d'effes, Cons est contente de nous leurrer par des promesses vaquer, de disculper le violenes dont nousles acusionset de dequiser la verité par des fitions Contrionvees ou de mensonger prourer, en fin notre Commerce sestrouvé ruine, etiltouche au moment des a destruction sur plus de vingsling lacques de Poupies que les holland oisant arance dans les harams, il ya aujourd hui plus d'un an apeina leur en estil rentré encore un quart de marchandises, sur seize lacques en viror que les samensont distritueralaveni lustan de tadeferntes Cosil e ota prin recu untiers. les hollandois lependant ont chargertrois Va. mais C'esta vee les marchandises quils avoient en reservedans leurs magasins de lannée precedente, et tout le monde seait quils ont contume dy avoir torj ours unoudeux cargaisons Com„ pletter a Lavance leua quatrieme va. aecterenvoyjéa ruide, les francoisenex perin trois mais de quelle maniere . Cesten achettant leur Caagaisons an Comptant den mains des particuliere Anglois quila leua venden tan prir guilleur plaitorosi abien et tant encela de la necessité ouils scavent que lonest delaleur achette, malguelacherete um pourrovitie et ledessant dansla malite et lasertiment: il nija point darguments qui puis an dectain undete a gedi a fais, il west malheureusement quetrop proure dans lesfactures et Compte qui sont en voyéer ala Compe. de franco les marchandises de Contract, et celles achetteer au comptant gesomtportes paremant A om part avroir acous poaren sire a comparais met va voor de quelle aniera leur vae. sesontchanger, et Comtiren ils ont ete Lezes van les pris. que pouvoient ils faire demieux que deses oumetre cila duireté des lixconstance il nugaron point de melicer, l falloit en passer parla ouse determiner a renvoijer avri de les vaer selta Compte. cequientrenoit in faillible ment le perte de son Credit et secauine sur torestidant des principes de re tablissement. Wilale table au appreus que nous avonsa peindre esmessieurs les
English
8 843 the French and Dutch gentlemen to the English, but that was never agreed with the English. The brushstrokes have no force; it is the truth that guides our pen, it is grief that has torn from us the groans that we wish to make heard in Europe at our respective courts, so that, moved by our slavery and our humiliation, our masters may seriously occupy themselves with the means they deem most effective to withdraw us from this tyrannical yoke and boundless despotism to which we are subjected, and which must necessarily, before long, cause the extinction of trade and consequently the exclusion of the nations from Bengal, if prompt remedies are not applied. If the English in this country had the intention of lending themselves to ways of conciliation and not obstructing the trade to which the nations have an incontestable right, they would not have refused to lend an ear to the various proposals that have been made to them to give affairs a stable form, capable of satisfying all the diverse interests. There had been talk of an exact enumeration of all the weavers, which was then agreed to be divided among all the nations. The English, by the arrangement proposed by the Dutch Director and to which the Council of Chandernagore had acceded, were to have half of the division, and the other half was to be distributed in equal portions between the two nations, the French and the Dutch. This plan, which seemed as just and equitable as could be formed with regard to a nation that holds the upper hand and governs the Kingdom of Bengal like a conquered country, was accepted on the part of the English. Consequently, each nation appointed commissioners to proceed jointly with the proposed enumeration. They set out all together and had already begun the work, of which the finest hopes were conceived as being destined to put an end forever to all disputes and smooth away all difficulties of trade, present and future. But with what surprise... 000. with 40 3/64 293 21 1/576 per Cent Honorable, Respected Councillors Honorable and Respected servant office sold, as 1628 1/4 with 65 1/2 per Cent Advance 1048 3/4 17 1/4 64 3/9 per Cent ample Prices Profit 1968 18. 967:7 - - - . 9 here 31 1/2 per cent through 701. 1638. 27944. 65 3/4 in whole. Concludes this report to serve from August 1765, with as the same in Cent, from here to be able in such Cent on the Purchase have, Your Honorable has surrendered, what a very important Company's Interests in the Kingdoms of Bihar and Orissa etc. Sir To the Right Honorable George Louis Verner together with and Respective Hugli Council. Sir Councillors. per Cent H: H: Daniel ...surprise did one not suddenly see, at that very moment, the English commissioners withdraw by order of their council? They were addressed to obtain the reason for this conduct; they justified this proceeding with the bad reasons that can be seen detailed in the supporting documents of this memorandum, which we append below to serve to prove and establish the facts, and especially in the Journal of the French and Dutch Commissioners, where one cannot see without being revolted the bad faith and the subterfuges that the English used to break their promises and their engagements. This matter having thus failed, things fell more than ever into disorder and confusion. On all sides, trade was interrupted; the English seized it entirely for themselves alone, and cause us today that damage and those losses of which we justly complain. Their Company, if one is to believe them, made demands on them for 120 Lakhs; if that is true, it must be admitted that it is a deliberate plan to seize everything and leave nothing to the other nations, since that is all that the country can produce annually. It is true that private individuals, sensing the prejudice that such exorbitant demands could not fail to cause to their trade if they were fulfilled, reduced them by half. The English Company will receive only about 64 Lakhs this year on eight vessels that are to be dispatched to it from Bengal for Europe; but this reduction has in no way turned to the advantage of the other Companies. It is the English private individuals who have derived all the profit, since they alone had all the rest of the merchandise manufactured in order to sell it afterward to the nations. The Province of Patna, according to the information that has reached us, has provided this year two hundred and fifty thousand pieces of cloth of Patna.
Dutch transcription
8 843 esmessieurs francois et Hollandois andsaux anglois, maiscela naja„ nais ette agete avecles anglors les coups de pinceau n'ontrien de force, 'est la verité quilonduit notra plume,, cestla douleur qui nous a rache les gemissements que nous desirons de faire entendre en Europe dans nos cours respectives, afinque touchie de notrees clarage's et de notac humiliation, nos maitres soccupent serecusemant des moyens quils caviront lesplus eficater pour nous retirer dece jougty anniguie et dece des¬ potisme sans borner auquel nous sommes as se sviret que doit necesairement avant peucauser l'extinction due lommercet par consequent l'exclusions des nations a Bengale sil on ny apporte de prompte remedes. Siles anglois dans cepais cy avoient le dessein de sepreteraur voies de consiliationet de ne point g'éner le commerce auquel les nations ontun droit in contestable ils nieussent point refusé de petter L oncille aux differentes propos¬ sitions qui leur onte te faittes pour donner aux affaires une forme Htableer Capable de satisfaire tous les diverse interets. il avoit ete question dun denombrement ex act de tous lestisserands, dontoi= etoit convenivensuite de faire le partage entre touteslesrations, les an e„ itprofi: 'abienette Cauitmentionentre glois L par l'arrangement proposé parle directeur holland viset anqual athereté uon pourroitiedes la moitie destissen le conseil, de Chandernagor avoit accede devoient avoir moitié dansle par„ tage, et lautre mortie toit a re partir par Egale portion entreles deuy nations francvises et holcandviss ce planqui parut aussijusteet Equitable qeelCon peuten former visa ris dune nation quiala freenmain, et qui gouverne le Royaume de Bengale comme un pais de couquete, futaque de la part des Angloisen Consequence chague nation nomma des commissaires pour pro¬ ce der Conjointement au denombrement qreel on propossities se mirent en zoutte tous ensemble et avoient deje Commencé l' oeurre dont on Concevoit les plus belles Esporances comme devant mettre pourtouijours finatoutes les dispouteret appla„ nir toutes les difficultes dulommerce presentes et avenir, maisarecquelle sur¬ 000. met 40 3/64„ 293 21 1/576 prC:o Edele Achtbare ve erde Raaden barl en Ed„s medienaar Comptoire verkogt, als 1628¼ met 65½ prC„ot Advan 1048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 prC„ ruijm Prijsen Winst 1968 18. 967:7 - - - . 9 alhier 31½2 prc dourd 701. 1638. 27944. . 65¾ '# geheel. Besluijt deesen Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in Cent, van hier ge in zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inko heb, UWel Edele erendeert heeft, wat een overs Comps Impertanten „Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ Heer „prise Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare George Louis Verner Beneevens en Respectiven Houglijsen Raad. Heer Raaden. en. prC H: H: Damiel detacire der „prise ne vil on pastouit a coup dans ce mê me moment le commissaires archoin seretirer par ordre de leur conseil. ons addresse accluier pour aroir la Clese : a a quant cette lnigne il se justificat de ce procedé par les mauraises a is ons quelon Piecas. peut avoir detaillées dans les pieces justificativer de ce memoire que roue joignon ala suitte pouer servir aprouveret a constater les fais, et sertours dans le Journal des Commissaires francois et hollandois oul on ne pees voir sans e tee revoltela mauraise foyetles subter pager que les anglois ont employjer pour manquer aleurs promesses eta leurs engeigements. Cette affaire ainsi manquee, les choses retomberent plus que jamair dans ledes ordre et la confusion: de tous cotes le lommerce pustinterrompui les Anglois V'envahirent enentier poureux seuls, et nous causont aujour„ d'hui ce dommage et cesperter dont nous nous plaignons a juste titre leur Comp=e. set on doitles en croire, leurafait des de mander pour 120 Lacques, si ce la estvrai, il fauct cenvenir que cestun plan forme de sempares de tout et de ne ziemlauisserauy autres nation, pouisqne cestoutee puele pais pen pro duire annuellement. il est vraique les particulier s entant le preju„ diceque des demander aussi ex horbitantes nrepouraoient manquier de faire a leur commerce scelles etoient remplies, les ont reduittera moitié la Comp=e angloise recevra seulement Environ 64 Lacquescette annee sur huit Va t qui doivent lui etreex pedier de Bengale pour Europe mais cette reduction na mullement tourné a l'avantage des autres Compé, ce sont les particuliers anglois qui ont retire tout le profit, picis quils ont fait fabriquer eux seuls tout le reste des marchandises pour le vendre ensuitte aux nations. La Provina de Patna suivant les in formations qui nous en ont paa„ venues, a fourni cette annee deuxcent cinquante mille piéces de toilles de datna re la
English
886 from Patna consisting of 25800. The English Company received 70 thousand of them, the Dutch procured the quantity that we have seen above, that is to say thirty thousand, by the arrangement they had made with the English chief, and of which we spoke under the article of Opium. The French did not receive a single piece, that same English chief having not permitted it in order to avenge his private quarrel against the French chief, the details of which have been sent to the French Company. Thus, there are one hundred thousand pieces of cloth which entered into the warehouses of the Dutch and English Companies; the other one hundred and fifty thousand were all bought up by the English private individuals, from whom the French were afterwards obliged to buy them in part to make up their cargoes, and at the enormous price that one can see in the invoices. They acted in the same manner in the manufactures named Chanderconna, Keerpoy, Radhanagar, Ghatal, Haripal, Bali Bonpour, etc. All these manufactures produced this year fifty thousand pieces of various cloths; the English Company took twenty-five thousand of them; the various private individuals of Calcutta had 18300 of them; it follows from this calculation that only 7 thousand pieces remain for the other nations. In order to leave no doubt as to what we say here regarding the quantity that the English private individuals have taken for their own account from these aurangs, here is the note, name by name: 1200 Pieces by Rombador Moccurja, gomasta of Mr. Becher 1700 Pieces by Nondiram Chatija, gomasta of Mr. Skinner 1500 Pieces by Rogontchall, gomasta of Mr. Barwell 780 Pieces by Rogondatt for Mr. White and Bolton. 700 Pieces by Binondram Boss, gomasta of Mr. Lushington 1200 Pieces by Tocolgoude Boss for Mr. Alexander 500 Pieces by Jagrenar Boss for Mr. Droz. 600 Pieces by Chichouram Gos for Mr. Vansittart 8500 Pieces 000. with 40 3/64 24 123/376 per cent Honorable Lord and Councilors Carl and 6 ditto servant H: H: Damius Office sold, as 1628 1/4 with 65 1/2 per cent Adran 1048 3/4 with 17 1/4 64 3/9 per cent ample Prices Profit per whole. 33 7946. 15 96717- - - - . 96 3/4 here 31 1/2 per cent dearer 7017. 16 8. 279. 4. . 65 1/2 Conclusion of this to serve from August 1765, with as the same in has yielded, which in such to be able per cent on the Purchase to the Honorable Cent, from here Councilors. To the Respective Hugli on the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms Bihar and Orissa, etc. To the Right Honorable George Louis Vernet Together with Council. Lord and. Pieces. [illegible] only my Account [illegible] that is to say: 46 maunds of [illegible] 8100 Pieces continued from the other side 1500 Pieces by Doutramdott for Mr. Aldersey 1000 Pieces by Kicherchody for Mr. Bathoe 300 Pieces by Nasiram Sercar for Mr. Handle 500 Pieces by Ramcher for Mr. Woodditt 2000 Pieces by Nidi Kichen Gopal for Mr. Lister 500 Pieces by Conjibiary Borahal for Azerimael, gentoo merchant of Calcutta 1000 Pieces by Bovanichoron Goup for Mr. Graham 1000 Pieces by Calichenker. One could not know exactly the names of these 100 Pieces by Rajaram Mocourja. four Gentlemen 100 Pieces by Tanaraindott 1000 Pieces by Ramkicher Gos. 1200 Pieces by Kicher Men Bon for Mr. Cartier 18300 Pieces for the account of the private individuals of Calcutta After all these proceedings, and all these proofs, how is it possible that the Companies can sustain themselves in Bengal? We are treated no better in all other places; there is no difference other than more or less. The article of silk must not be omitted here; it is of sufficient consequence to make known how many difficulties this object has caused us: the English have raised their purchases to more than 8 lakhs this year, as much for themselves as for their Company; the French were only able to procure 1200 maunds, which amounts to an object of three lakhs; and the Dutch 233 maunds [illegible] and which together makes an object of around half a lakh and a quarter. The winders were taken by force; even those who are attached to the service of the French and Dutch are not exempt from this violence, which is proven by all the correspondence, where one sees all the repeated complaints that they have so often and so uselessly made [illegible] other nations [illegible] to the
Dutch transcription
886 de Patna re consistent me 25800. la Comp=e. Angloise en a recu 70. mille, les hollandois s'entsont pro„ Clse a aquantite guemonsarons vear cuere /:a: trente mille par 'arangement quils avoient faitaveele chef anglois, et dontnous aroni parlé a l'article de Lophium. les francois n'enont pascu une seule piece, ce même chet anglois ne le pas permis pour se reuger desa querelle particuliere contrele thef francois dont le defailest envoyé a la Compe. de france voila donccent mille pieces de toilles epuisons entrées dans les magasins de Comp=e. hollandoise et Angloises, les Cent cinquante autre mille onttoute eté achettéer par les particuliers Anglois de quiles francois out ensuitte ete obligés de les achetter en partie pour composer leurs largaisons, et au prix enorme quel on peutvoir dans les factures. ils ontagi de même dans les manufactures nomméés Chanderconna, kerpayje, Radanagor, Gatab, harajil, Banji bonpour &=a Toutesces maraifactures ont produit cette année cinquante mille pilé de toilles d'iverses la Comp=e Angloise eua retire vingtling milleles differents par„ „ticulieres de Calcuttaenonten 10300 ilsen suit de tecompte quil nen reste ques en 7. mille pieces pourles autres nations pour ne laisser aucun donte sur a ceque nous disons ici de la quantité que les particuliers anglois ont retire pour leur Compte de ses harams, envoici, la notte nomparnom. 1200. P:s par Rombador moccurja gomasta de M=r Bebeur 1700. „. „. nondiramchatija _: „. - „ skinner 1500. „. „. Rogontchall _: „. —s Barwell 780. „1. „. Rogondatt pour M=r Whitte, et Bolton. 700. „. „. Binondramboss gomasta de M=r Lochinton 1200. p. „. Tocolgoude boss. pr M„s Alan ander 500. „: „. Iagrenar boss. „ . M:rn Droz. 600. „. „. chichouramgos, „ M„r wan sittand 8500 Pieces 000. met 40 3/64 „ 24 123/376 prco Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Carl en6 do „medienaar H: H: Damius Comptoire verkogt, als 1628¼4 met 65½ prC„t Adran 1048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 prC„t ruijm Prijsen Winst p ¶geheel. 33 7946. 15 96717- - - - . 96¾ alhier 31½ prc„s diurd 7017. 16 8. 279. 4. . 65½ Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat in zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inko het Uwel Edele Cent, van hier ge Raaden. Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare George Louis Serner Beneevens Raad. Heer en. Pieces. lon i peus les en seulement my Compre tanssetendr 1: aa: onte 46 mans de mogte 8100. Pieces siuile de Lautrepart 1500. „. par Doutramdott p:r M:r Aldersen 1000. „. „. kicherchody „ M:r Balho 300. „. „. nasiram sercar „ M„r handell 500. „. „. Ramcher „. M: wodditt 2000. „. „. nidi kichen gopal, M„r Lister 500. „. „. Conjibiaryj Borahalpour azerimael marchand gentilde Calcutta 1000. „. „. Bovanichoron goup, pour M=r Grahem 1000. „. „. Calichenker. lonna puscavoir aujuste le nom de ce„ 100. „. „. Rajaram mocourja. quatre Messieurs 100. „. „. Tanaraindott- - 1000. „. „. Ramkicher gos. - - 1200. „. „ kicher men bon p:r M:r Cartier 18300. Pieces pour le compte des particuliers de Calcutta Aprestout es procedier, et toutes ces preures commentestil possible que les Compe puissent ses outenir dansle Bengale, nous ne sommes pas mieuxtraiter e sa mas meobs dans tousles autres enaroits il ny a de difference, nue de plusoumoins. Carticle de la soyenedoit pasetre ieiobmis il estd as sesqande consequene pouir faire connoitrecombien de rifficuletée cet objet nous a cause: les anglois en ontfait monter leurs achaptsaplus de d. Lacquescette annees tant poureur quepour leur Comp les francois n'ont pus en procurer que 1200. mans ce qui fait un objet de trois lacques Ales Hollandois 233. mans 1: a. a: / et quiensemb le faitinobjer den wiren damak in quartles sireursonten lever de forepountearti lsto ceur mene qui sont attacher au service des francois et hollandois ne sont pas exempts de cete volene, ceste quiest proure paatoukeles or respondames vrleu voit contes les plainer re pekées quelles ont si souvente tsinutile ment portee 16: parcepro uitres nation niestausie au
English
847 other nations, as it is necessary to propose, without limiting themselves to a fixed quantity, nor including the Danish Company, which is not established in this country, to the Council of Calcutta in order to remedy these disorders. In short, all objects of commerce, whether for Europe or for India, have absolutely fallen into the hands of the English, and we believe we have made sufficiently known with what harshness, what monopoly, and what injustice they exercise it to the detriment of the nations which they certainly have no right to deprive of it. It is upon this that we dare hope they will be willing to join together mutually to obtain a suitable satisfaction from it, capable of restoring things to a just balance. Otherwise, we say it with sorrow, Bengal is lost to them, and they will be obliged to abandon this rich and fertile country to the English nation alone, which has no other aim than to exclude them from it in order to enjoy it alone and without competitors. C: b:) There are two means to be employed to accommodate the nations in the trade of cloths. One would be to arrive at a division of the weavers, and only a legitimate division, as has been proposed, half of which would be granted to the English nation, and the other half in equal portions between the French and Dutch nations. By this project, all other nations are excluded. Observations on this article without... C: c:) The second means, failing the other, would be to agree that each weaver should supply half of his work per month to the English, and the other half to the French and the Dutch. We hardly see any other than one of these two ways capable of ending all the disputes and contentions which will never cease to arise, and always to the prejudice of the weaker, who is obliged to yield before the stronger. Likewise for raw silks, the Companies must make requests for the quantity they need annually for commerce, whether for Europe or for India, and agree in consequence with the English that they supply them the number of winders necessary to wind the quantity that will have been agreed to be granted to each. At least 2000 maunds per year are needed for the French nation, and about as much for the Dutch nation. By this policy, one will succeed in making the nations live in suitable harmony and union. Otherwise, sooner or later, it will be necessary either to renounce the country or to maintain oneself there by violent means, which is certainly not to the advantage of the English nation, which, in the degree of power where it finds itself, has nothing more to desire nor to gain, but can lose everything in a revolution that would turn against it. Agrees well with the original. Fr: Tholl 840 Translation of the Memoir written by Mr. Chevalier, Director on behalf of the Honorable French East India Company in Bengal, and the Council at Chandernagore, to the Noble Gentlemen Directors of the Said Company in France and their Minister. Memoir concerning all the various grievances that the European nations established in Bengal bring against the English nation with respect to commerce. The purpose of this Memoir is to place before the eyes of all Europe, and particularly before the respective courts of the nations most concerned, the extravagant lust for domination to which the English nation abandons itself without hesitation since its previous successes have placed it in possession of the rich kingdom of Bengal. Not content with absolute rule, not content with gathering the revenues which amount annually to 75 millions, they nevertheless usurp the entire trade of India and Europe, retaining the same for themselves and preventing the other nations therein, in spite of the privileges that have been granted to them since the beginning of their establishment by the Emperors of the Indostan Empire and by all the Nawabs of Bengal who have succeeded one another up to the present day. All these authentic documents, which we put forward to support our right, exist and are to be found in all public charters, but are today regarded as useless titles and voided by antiquity. Justice has no place any longer, the law of nations is no longer respected, violence reigns, and one sees nothing but oppression, monopoly, and extortion. In this detailed account, I intend to come forward, producing the convincing proofs to support the facts which I shall deem necessary to present. 1st Grievance Before this last war had raised the English nation to the highest pinnacle of power throughout all India, all the nations that had established Companies there enjoyed freedom of trade and the same privileges on a more or less equal footing.
Dutch transcription
847 qutresnati onsainsi quil faut propo¬ sanssetenare aune quantite bornéé, „my Comprendre la Comp: Danoise niertausiltablie dansee piscy. au conseil de Calcutta pour remedier a ces des ordres en fintous les objets de com- =mercesoit pours Europe soit pour l'inde sontabjolument tombér entre les mains des Angloiset nous eroyons arvidasses fairteon noitre arecquelle duretéé quelle monopole, et quelle injustice ls les exercent an detriment des nations quils noot par certainemens droit d'en priver Cest surquoay nous aisors ex peres quelles rondront biense joindre mutuellement pour en obtenirune satisfaction Convenableer capable de remetre leschoses dan sunjuste Balance, artrement nousle disons avec douleurta Dengaleest perdu pourelles, etelles ser ont obligées Sabandonnes cette richeet fertle Contree lascule ration angloise qui na d' arstue butque de lesen exclure pour enjouir seule et sans concurrents C: b:) Sl yes deux moyens a employer pour accorder les nations dans le „6: parce projetonexeleutouteles commerce destoilles l'unseroit d'en venir au partage des lisserands en seulementun partage legitime, ainsi quil aeté pordjetté, dont moitéé seroit accordéé a la nationangloise et l'autre moitié par Egale portion entre les nations francoise et Hollandvises. itiere sames me b sorvationsar let article C: c:) le second moyen aude ffaut de l'autre, seroit de Couvenir que chague tisserand fourniroit mortie de sontrarail par mois aux angloise et l'autre moitié eux francois et aux hollandois nous nevoyons quere que lune de ces deupscules voiez Capables de teamines tousles differents et les disputra qui ne cesseront de se lever et toujours au prejudice du plus foiblequi estobligé deplierdevantle plus fort Egalement pourles so gesecruer, les Comp=r doivent faire les demander de la quantité dontelles ont besoin annuelle ment pour le commere svit & Euas pescit de LInde et conrenireu consequence arecles linglois quile leuas Journissen tenom „bre de vireurs recessaires pour virer la quanti te quon sera convenui dac corder a chacuse il en faut parannée au moins 2000. mansala nativon franccis vet et environ autanta la nationholland oise par cette policelon reussira affaire 000. met 40 3/64„ 293 21 576 prCo Edele Achtbare e Heer erde Raaden Carl en Ed„s „medienaar Comptoire verkogt, als 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„t Advan 5048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 prC„o reijm Prijsen Winst 0 96. 15 6:77 . - - . 96 alhier 31½ prCo duurd 7007. 16 8. 279. 4-. . 63¼ '¶ geheel. prC Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat in zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge„ oot Uwel Edele Respectiven Houglijsen en over's Comp„s Impertante Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ virze Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare George Louis Sernet Beneevens Raad. Heer Raaden. n en. H: H: Damius le que het virre les nations dans l'harmonie et lunion couvenable, custrement to't outard il fautou renoncer du pais, ou sy maintenir par de svoyes volentis, cequi w' st ertainement pas de l'avantage de la nation Angloise qui dencs le deque de pussanceouelle se troure, na plasziena desirer nyagagnes, maispeuttous perdre dansune revolution quitourner oit lontreelle. Accordeert welt het miuuut fr: Tholl 840 Translaat Memorie geschreeven door den Heer Chevalier Directeurs wegens d' Ed fransche Oost Indische Compe. in Bengalen, en Raad te Chandernagoor, aan de Edelen Hee„ =ren Bewindhebberen der Gem Comp: in vrankryk en hare ministre Memorie over alle differente beswaer¬ nisse die de Europeesche natien in Bengalen geseten tegen de Engelschen natie, ten opzigte van den handel ten lasten brengen, Het dael =wit van deze Memorie is, aangeheel Europe en voornamentlyk aan de respective ho„ =ven van de natien die 't het meeste aan„ „gaet, uw voor ogen te brengen de b uiterspo„ =rige heerzugt waar de Engelsche natie sig sonder swarigheid aan overgeeft zee„ =derd dat haare voorgaande voorspoeden haar in 't bezit van 't ryke koningryk de Bengalen gesteld hebben, niet te vreeden te met een volstrekte gebied, niet te vreeden met het insaamelen van de Inkomsten de s' Iaarlyks 75 Millioenen bedragen; so e„ overweldigen sij nogtans de heele handae van India, en Europa, dezelve zeg aanhou„ Comptoire verkogt, als 1628¼ met 65½ prC„ot Advan 1048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„ reijm 000. met 40 3/64 „ 24 123/376 prc:o Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Carl en Ed„ „medienaar H: H: Damius Prijsen Winst geheel. 701. 16. 8. 279. 4-. 65 0 968. 18. 46. 17. . . . alhier 31½2 poc Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat in zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inkoo Cent, van hier ge het Uwel Edele Raaden. Heer Raad. Respectiven Houglijsen en over's Comp„s Importanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a George Louis Verner dende Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens en. p , =dende, en de andere natien daar in beletten„ de, in spyt der Privelegien die haer vergunt zyn zedert het begin van haer grond vesting door de Keysers van het Indostaensche Ryk en door alle de Nawabs van Bengalen die sig opgevolgt hebben tot heeden toe, alle deze authentieke stukken, die wy opperen, om ons regt te ondersteuren zin in wezen, en in alle publieke handvesten te vinden, maar heeden aengemerkt als onnodige tytels en door de oudheid venietigt, de regt„ vaerdigheid heeft geen plaets meer, 't regt der volkeren word niet meer ontsien, her geweld heerscht, men ziet niet anders dan verdrukking monopolium en afpersing in dit omstandig verhael denk ik voor te treeden, de overtuigende bewijsen, voort¬ brengende, tot steun der zaakelykheeden, die ik nodig zal keuren te offeren St: Beswaarnis bevoorens dat dezen laeste oorlog de Engel„ seken Natie tot de hoogste top van vermoogen door heel India verheft hadde, genieten„ =de alle de Natien die 'er Maatschappye opgeregt hadden op een cinca affene voet, de vryheid van den handel, en dezelfde pri„ = velegien
English
831 privileges, each company had the right to expand and increase its trade according to the sales of the merchandise, whether through export or import, solely dependent on the government of the country, which seldom or never favored one nation above the others, having nothing to fear except some impermanent troubles, which could only disturb the course of trade for a certain time, but not destroy it; in the midst of the greatest unrest and the greatest confusion, our privileges were nevertheless regarded as sacred, and if ever disturbed, it was only to make some extortions, which having been satisfied, did not prevent us from stepping back into all our rights; today they seek to eradicate the tree at the root, it is not the branches that they trim, they seek to destroy and uproot the entire growth; one that, like the English Nation, recognizing nothing more than unlawful possession, seeks to allow us nothing by ourselves, but to compel us to take our refuge to them for all branches of Trade. I shall begin with the following striking example while others occur to me. It is regarding the saltpeter: from all times until now, this has been one of the most extensive and principal branches of trade, free to all Nations; everyone could obtain his necessary quantity for as much as he needed, whether for the trade of India or for Europe; today the English have made themselves completely masters of it, and deliver to us through their channel at a fixed price that which we need of it, for the cargo of our ships bound for the Fatherland: but they allow us nothing for the trade of India; that which we procure for ourselves for that purpose, we can only obtain from the English private individuals who make a profit of 30 to 100 percent on us on it; at the time when this monopoly began to come to light, the Dutch nation immediately felt offended at that matter, and brought its rights and privileges against it, but not being listened to, was forced to send its complaints to England, from which it received no other satisfaction than that orders would be sent to deliver to them a certain quantity of it from the warehouses of the English Company, ostensibly sold at the Office, as 1628 1/4 with 65 1/2 per Cent Advance 5048 3/4 [illegible] 57 1/2 [illegible] 64 3/9 per Cent ample 000. with 40 3/64 [illegible] 293 21 576 per Cent Honorable Worshipful Sir [illegible] Councilors [illegible] and Honorable fellow servant 33 1796. 15 967 7. . . . . here 31 1/2 per Cent [illegible] Prices Profit 7001. 16. . 279. 4 -. 654 per Cent whole. Conclusion of this [illegible] to serve from August 1765, with [illegible] as the same in Cent on the Purchase from here [illegible] Your Honor in being able in such has yielded, what Councilors. Respective Hugli [illegible] regarding the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms of Behaar and Orixa etc. George Louis Verner Besides signed To the Right Honorable Worshipful and Council. Sir H: H: Damius 853 ostensibly at the price that that merchandise cost them, but through this arrangement it can never satisfy its demand, as the Calcutta Council manages to diminish the quantity all the while, so that one must consider this branch as entirely lost for the other nations, who will be deprived of it from the moment that the English shall deem the entire quantity necessary for themselves; to remedy this difficulty, the French and Dutch Companies must join together to enter into a contract with the English Company to obtain a sufficient quantity of saltpeter to be delivered annually for the necessities of trade in India and in Europe, provided it is forbidden to diminish the demand under whatever pretext it may be; the demand of the French Company cannot be set lower than 30 to 40 thousand maunds, but the demands of the Dutch Company raise hers to 60 thousand; the country yields more than 2 times one hundred thousand maunds. Conclusion of this [illegible] to serve from August 1765, with [illegible] as the same in has yielded, what in being able in such Cent on the Purchase Cent, from here [illegible] have, Your Honor Prices Profit as a whole. 701. 16.8. 79. 4 - . - 65 1/2 2 968. 1. 967 17 . - - - 96 here 31 1/2 per Cent [illegible] sold at the Office, as 1628 1/4 with 65 1/2 per Cent Advance 5048 3/4 [illegible] 17 1/4 [illegible] 64 3/9 per Cent ample - 000. with 40 3/64 [illegible] 241 23/376 per Cent Honorable Worshipful Sir [illegible] Councilors Carl and Honorable fellow servant H: H: Damius per Cent Council. Sir Councilors. Respective Hugli [illegible] George Louis Verner regarding the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms of Behaar and Orixa etc. Besides [illegible] To the Right Honorable Worshipful and. and It is nevertheless a great dependency to be forced to procure this merchandise for ourselves from the hands of the English, while we thereby lose the right that we have to supply ourselves directly from the manufactories when it pleases us; but today it would be impossible to make any other arrangement because the English, having the power and the hands, govern the Nawab, who depends on them, according to their pleasure; they would always find a thousand instruments to cavil against us and to prevent our purchases, without us being in a position to oppose their various underhanded designs and secret machinations. Of Opium From the monopoly of saltpeter I proceed to that of Opium; this Article is of little importance to the English Company, which needs no more of it than 200 chests for its Factory of Benkoelen on the coast of Sumatra
Dutch transcription
831 velegien, ieder maatschappij had het regt haar handel uit te breeden, en te vermeer„ deren volgens het vertier van de koopman„ schappen, 't zy door uit ofte aenvoer, al„ leen afhangelyk van de overigheid van het land, die zelden of ooit, eene natie boven de anderen begunstigde niets te vree„ =sen hebbende dan eenige onduurzaame strubbelingen, die maar voor eenige tyd het beloop van den handel kon stooren, maar niet vernietigen, in het midden van de grootste ont„ roering, en de grootste verwarring waren onze previlegien nogthans als heilig aange„ sien, en soo al ontsteld, maar om eenige af„ persingen te doen, dewelke voldaen zynde niet en hunderde om weder in alle onze reg„ =ten te treden, heden soekt men de boom aan de wortel uit te roeden, het zyn de thekken niet die men afkort men zoekt het heel ge„ =was te vernietigen en uit te wortelen, een die lyk de Engelsche Natie niets meer kennende ' dan onregtmatig bezit, zoekt ons niets toe te staen door ons zelve, maar ons te dwingen om onze toevlugt na haar te neemen voor alle de takken van den Handel. Ik zal beginnen met het volgende rae¬ Comptoire verkogt, als 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„t Advan 5048¾ „ „ 57½„ 64 3/9 pr C „ ruijm 000. met 40 3/64„ 293 21 576 prC:o Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden barl en Ed „medienaar 33 1796. 15 967 7. . . . . alhier 31½2 poc d Prijsen Winst 7001. 16. . 279. 4 -. 654 prC geheel. Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in Cento ib den Inkoop van hier ge UWel Edele in zulks te kunnen erendeert heeft, wat Raaden. Respectiven Houglijsen r over's Comps Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Verner Beneevens =kent Aan den Wel Edele Achtbar en Raad. Heer H: H: Damius kend Exempel ondertusschen dat er andere my by vallen. het is omtrent het salpeeter: van alle tyden herwaards is deeze een van de uitgebreekste en voornaemste takken van den handel, aen alle Natien vry geweest, een ieder kon zyn nootzaa„ kelyk quantim verkrygen voor zoo veel hy be„ nodigt was, 't zy voor den handel van India als voor Europa, heden hebben sig erde Engel„ schen in 't geheel van meester gemaakt, en leve„ nen ons door haar Canaal tegen een vastgestel„ de prys het geene wy er van benodigt zyn, voor de lading van onze Vaderlandsche scheepen: maaren toestaen ons niets voor den handel wa„ India, de geene die wy ons besorgen tot dat oog„ =merk, kunnen wy alleen krijgen van de Engel„ sche particuliere die op ons 30 a 100 pas daar op winnen, in de tyd dat deze monopoluim begon voorden dag te komen, hield sig voorts de hollandsche natie aan die zaak gebelgd, en brogt haaren regten en privilegien er in te¬ gen maar daar niet na gehoort werdende, wierd genoodzaakt haare klagten na Engeland te senden, waarvan geen andere satisfactie kreeg, als dat men ordres soude senden, om 'er haar een seekere quantiteyt van te leveren uit de pakhuyzen van de Engelsche Comp: kwan„ suis 853 sius tegen de prys dat haar die koopman„ schap kwam te staen, maar door deze schikking kan zy nooit haare Alch voldoen, de Calkatsche Raad de quantiteit alle d'wee„ tende te verminderen, zo dat men deze tak als heele maal verloren moet aanschou„ wen, voor de andere natien die er van be„ rooft zullen zyn van het ogenblik af, dat de Engelschen zig de geheele party zullen benodigt oordeelen, om deze zwarigheid te verhelpen moeten zig de franschen en hol„ landsche Compagnien by een voegen, om een contract aan te gaan met de Engelsche Com„ pagnie ter verkryging van een genoegzae„ me quantiteit salpeeter Jaarlyx te leveren voor de benodigd heeden van den handel in India en in Europa, mits bedwingende van den eisch te verminderen onder wat voorwendzel dat het zy den eisch van de Fransche Compagnie kan niet lager ge„ stelt worden als 30 a 40 duyzend maan, p„ de eischen van de hollandsche Compagnie maar reist de haare tot bo duyzend „ het land le„ Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ster als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat im zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge„ heb, UWel Edele Prijsen Winst s geheel. 701. 16.8. 79. 4 - . - 65½ 2 968. 1. 967 17 . - - - 96 alhier 31½ prco diourd Comptoire verkogt, als 1628¼ met 65½ prC„t Advan 5048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 pr C „ ruijm - 000. met 40 3/64„ 241 23/376 prc:o Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Carl en Ed„s medienaar H: H: Damius prCo Raad. Heer Raaden. Respectiven Houglijsen George Louis Verner r over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken J Behaar en Orixa &a Beneevens vert Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare en. en verd uit, meer dan 2 maal honderd duyzend maons. het is nogtans eene groote afhankelykheid genoodzaakt te weeezen ons deze koopmanschap te bezorgen uit de hand=n van de Engelschen ter„ wijl wy daar door het regt verliezen dat wy hebben, ons eigen als het ons behaagd in de hand werkhuyzen te voorzien, maar heden soude het onmogelyk zyn een andere schikking te maken door dat de Engelschen de kragt en han„ den hebbende, de Nawab die van haar afhangs bestieren na haar goed denken, zy zoude altyd duysend werktuigen vinden, om ons te beknisbe =len, en onze in koopen te beletten sonder dat wy in staat souden zyn om ons legen haar verscheeden slinkse aanslaagen, en geheime werkmiddelen te stellen. Van den Amfroen van de monopolium van 't salpeeter treede ik tot die van den Amfioen, dit Artikel is van weinig belang voor de Engelsche Compagnie die er niet meer van benodigt is dan 200 kisten voor haar Comptoir van Benkoeken op de kust van Su„ = matra
English
865 matra, but it is one of the principal branches of trade of the Dutch Company in Bengal due to its great consumption on the East Coast and all the islands that are under its jurisdiction. Nowadays, the English private individuals have also entirely seized this. It is the English Chief at Patna and the other servants of that factory who have mastered it, setting a price upon it according to their own pleasure, and thus forcing the entire public through an unjust and crying monopoly, since this serves solely for the benefit of the English private individuals to the detriment of all other nations. The Dutch gentlemen of the Patna factory last year, having foreseen all the difficulties to which they would be subjected and the danger they ran if they left the Company in need of opium, if they intended to exercise their rights and purchase this crop themselves, were forced, in order to fulfill the demand, to submit to the harsh necessity of bending under the English yoke by allowing them or their agents to purchase the quantity of opium that they needed. And experience shows that they took the most prudent course, since Mr. Carvalho, head of the French lodge at Patna, who wished to proceed according to the privileges and rights of his nation, was tormented and oppressed in the most unreasonable manner imaginable. He had sent his own people with money to spend for his needed quantity of opium, but nothing came of it other than a multitude of disputes and quarrels caused to him by the English. The gomastas of the latter, relying on the authority of their masters, beat and assaulted our people with armed force, plundered and set fire to one of our lodges, killed several of our servants, abused our vakeel, and imprisoned him in open durbar. All these matters of fact have been confirmed by witnesses, and the documents serving thereto have been sent to the French Company. And to this day no other satisfaction has been obtained than that the gomasta of the English, having been found in the wrong, was punished with some rattan blows and ostensibly removed from his post, but the insult has remained no less, whether through the damage caused to us by the plundering and burning of our lodge, or through the disruption of trade and by the discredit caused thereby to our nation throughout the entire country. There again a clear monopoly is proven and another example of the oppression under which the nations find themselves due to the absolute English rule. To remedy it, it is of importance that the two companies join together for this article as for the others in order to obtain satisfaction for it. The system of that arrangement would be that this crop would be purchased in common and, according to the harvest, stored in general warehouses, and thereafter make the distribution by delivering to each nation the quantity that was previously determined, and drawing lots to prevent the disputes that could arise over the better or worse quality of the opium. Our private trade requires 750 chests of opium; the Dutch Company's demand is 1200 chests; the country yields 3500 chests. Of Salt and Areca These two branches are without doubt the greatest grievance with respect to private trade. The English, having seen great profit in it, have also taken this branch unto themselves with exclusive privilege to the detriment of the native inhabitants of the country. Some private individuals, having conducted this trade clandestinely, had attained great fortune, but the Calcutta Council, opening their eyes to such an important article, thought fit to establish a society, giving a portion to all the civil and military servants of their Company according to their rank. A fund was established from which all the monies serving for the execution
Dutch transcription
865 matra, maar het is een van de voornaemste takken van den handel der hollandsche maat„ schappy, in Bengalen door het groot vertier van het zelve op de oostkust, en alle de Eylan¬ =den die onder haar gebied zyn, heden hebben der Engelsche particulieren dit ook in 't ge„ heel aangeslaagen het zijn den Engelsche Opperhoofd tot Patna en de andere bedienden van dat Comptoir die 't vermeester & hebben die een prys er op setten na haar goed denken en zo het geheel publiek dwingen door een onreest„ vaardig en schreuwend monopolium den„ wyl dit alleenig strekt tot het voordeel van de Engelsche particulieren ten nadeele van alle andere natien. de heeren hollanders van 't komptoir Patna voorleeden Jaar voor„ zien hebbende alle de moeytheeden die zy onderworpen zoude zyn, en het gevaar die zy liep en zo zy de Compagnie van Amfioen benodigt lieten zo zy doelde hare regten te gebruiken, en dit gewas zelfs in te koopen zyn genoodzaakt geweest om den Eisch te vol¬ doen, sig te onderwerpen aan de harde nood„ Comptoire verkogt, als 1628¼ met 65½ prC„t Advan 5048¼ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„t ruijm 000. met 40 3/4„ 241 23/376 prco Edele Achtbare ve Heer erde Raaden Carl en Ed„ „medienaar H: H: Damius Prijsen Winst 701. 1638. 2794- . - 654 33 3968. 8. 96: 17 . - - . 9 alhier 31½ prc„os dir ¶geheel. prC Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat i zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge„ heb UWel Edele Raaden. Heer Respectiven Houglijsen r over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a George Louis Verner zaakelyk„ Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens Raad. en. delen tot kelykheid van onder het Engelsche Tak te buy„ gen door het toestaen van het opkopen door haer of haar agenten de quantiteit van Amfioen die zy benodigt waren en de ondervinding wyst dat zy de voorzigtigste party genomen hebben de wyl de Heer Carvaltio hoofdt van de fransche Logie tot Pattena die na de Vrurlegien en regten van zyn natie heeft te werk willen gaan, gekwelt en verdrukt is geworden op de onbillykste manier die uit te duiden is, hy had zyn eigen volk met geld gesonden om voor zyn benodigde quanti„ testamfioen te besteeden maar er niets van ge„ worden, dan een menig te twisten en krakeelen aan hem door de Engelschen gezegt, de Gomas„ =tos van deze, steunende op het gezag van hare meesters, hebben de onze geslaagen en aange„ hand met gewapende kragt, een van onse Logies geplundert en in de brand gestoken, verscheiden van onze dienaaren gedood, onze wakkeel mis„ handelt en in volle dharbar gevangen gezet, alle deze zaakelykhreden zyn door getuigen bekragtigt, en de stukken daar toe dienende aan 857 aan de fransche Compagnie toegesonden, en tot heeden toe geen andere satisfactie verkreegen dan dat de Gomasta van de Engelschen in 't ongelyk gesteld zynde, door eenige rotting slaagen gekastyd is geworden, en kwansuys uit zyn plaats gezet, maar niet te minder beleedigt gebleeven 't zy door de schade die ons veroorzaakt is door het plunderen en ver„ branden van onze Logie ofte door de stooring van den handel en door het discredeet aan onze natie daar door veroorzaakt in 't heele land. daar is al weder een klaare kronopoleum be„ wezen en een ander Exempel van de verdrukkinge waar onderzeg de Natien bevinden door het volstrekt Engelsch gebied, het is van belang om't„ het te verhelpen dat de twee maatschappyen a„ sig by een voegen, voor dit Artikel gelyk als te„ voor de andere om er satisfactie van te krygen, de het Sislema - van die schikking zeu zijn, date, dit gewas ingemeenschap zouden worden in gekogt en na maate van den insaameling in algemeene pakhuyzen geborgen, en daar na de verdeeling uitmaaken door aan ieder natie en Comptoire verkogt, als 1628 ¼ met 65½2 prC„t Adran 1048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„ reijm 000. met 40 3/4„ 24 23/3776 prco Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden baro en Ed„s medienaar H: H: Damius Prijsen Winst 96. 18. 967 7 . - - . 96 alhier 31½ prc duurd ¶ geheel. 7017. 16. 8. 279. 4. . . 65¼ prCo Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ster als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat m zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge„ heb UWel Edele Raaden. Heer Respectiven Houglijsen Raad. en over's Comps Impestanten Belangen in de Rijken J Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Serner Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens 11 . de de quantiteyt leverende de bevorens bepaalt was en lot briefjes trekken om de twisten te voorkomen die over de beter of slegter qualiteyt van den Amfe„ ben souden kennen voortspringen onze particulie„ ren handel benodigt 750 kisten Amfioen de hol„ landsche maatschapp yn 's eysch is van 1200. kesten het land levert uit 3500 kisten Van het Zout den Areek deze twee takken zyn zonder twyffel de meesten u„ gebreck ten op sigte van den particulieren handel, de Engelsche groot voordeel er opgesien hebbend hebben deze tak ook na sig genomen met uy t sluytend privilegie ter nadeele van de na„ tuurlyke inwoonder van 't Land eenige pal te kulieren dezen handel ter sluyk gedre„ ven hebbende waren tot groot fortuyn gekl men, maar de kalkatsche Raad de ogen op en doende over zo een important Artiklu vond goed een sociteit op te rigten, een por¬ tie gevende aan alle de politike en milita re bediendens van haar Compagnie na aat van haar rang, daar van wierd een kas op„ geregt waar alle de penningen dienende tot uytvoer
English
850 execution of that enterprise were secured, each having given his share pro rata of the interest that his rank brought him, the sum amounted to 40 Lakh Rupees. The work having progressed thus far, the salt pans were immediately seized and a prohibition was proclaimed everywhere preventing all merchants from making salt on their own account or purchasing Areca. Everything was reserved for the account of that society, which from that time on adopted the name of Salt Committee. A fixed price was placed on that trade with all the headmen of the villages, who were forced into a contract to deliver the required quantity for the use of the whole realm. Each province was assessed a fixed price, which was set according to the distance of the place or the risks of transport, and it is easily imagined that the so-called committee did not let its advantages slip through this arrangement; in several places, Agents were sent out [illegible] August 1765, [illegible] 1 Cento on the Purchase Cent, from here [illegible] I have, Your Right Honourable Prices Profit whole. 701. 68 . 794. . - 65¾ 03 96. 15 967. 7 - - - . . 96 over here 31½ prc [illegible] Office sold, as 1628 ¼4 with 65½ prCt Advance 1048¾ with 57¼ 64 3/9 pr Ct ample 000. with 40 3/64 21 123/376 prco Honourable Respectable Sir Councillors [illegible] fellow servant H: H: Damius prCo Councillors. Sir and Respective Hugli Council. George Louis Verner and over the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms of Bihar and Orissa &c. sent To the Right Honourable Together with [illegible] sent for the buyout of that trade. These Agents were granted all power, properly required for the successful outcome of the enterprise of those who had an interest in it, which they abused to monopolize, and to burden the people, who could not complain because these were the orders of the masters of the country. The English Governor had three shares of the sixty, the second two, each Member of Council one, and the remainder was divided among the other servants of the Company. The private merchants had no shares, but then a kind of Bank or Agio emerged through which everyone was admitted, purchasing the share of one belonging to the society, against an advance that was determined between the parties. By this means, this monopoly was unanimously approved by the English Nation in Bengal, and everyone who had his profit from it found this to be one of the wisest arrangements of statecraft; nevertheless, being afraid that the Company might not approve it as well, and that, incensed against all the errors to which this establishment 861 institution was subject, it would certainly take notice, and would then send orders against that society, in order to prevent this fear, it was deemed proper to grant the Company ten per Cent on the total of the sales, which amounted to approximately eight Lakhs. By this bait, it was thought to have satisfied it sufficiently, and indeed it seemed so, or at least no order arrived contrary to what had been done. The first year turned out according to the expectations of all those who had an interest in it; they received more than one hundred per Cent by distribution, all expenses paid. The second year decreased; the oppression of the people had been somewhat lightened, the profit amounted to only 80 percent, yet the people groaned under the oppression, and the English private individuals who had no share in these great profits wrote about it to their friends in England with all the freedom characteristic of the Nation. The complaints became general and came to the ears of Parliament; it was heard everywhere Office sold, as 1628¼ with 65½ prCt Advance 1048¾ with 57¼ 64 3/9 pr C ample 000. with 40 3/64 241 23/376 prco Honourable Respectable Sir Councillors [illegible] fellow servant H: H: Damius Prices Profit 3 796. 18. 96: 7 . - - . 96 over here 31½ prc [illegible] as a whole. — 7017. 16. 8. 2791. 4-. 65¼ prCo [illegible] August 1765, [illegible] in order to be able [illegible] Cento on the Purchase Cent, from here [illegible] Your Right Honourable Councillors. Sir and Respective Hugli Council. over the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms of Bihar and Orissa &c. George Louis Verner say To the Right Honourable Together with [illegible] said that the English Company had instituted the salt monopoly in Bengal. To avoid the consequences to which those rumours subjected it, it sent in haste an order to its council to abolish the committee of Salt and Areca and to leave this branch of trade open to all inhabitants of the country. This could not immediately be carried out without causing a general ruin to the members of that society who had advanced their money; therefore a resolution was also taken in the Council to maintain that society for another year. In consequence thereof, it was proclaimed throughout the entire Realm that the trade in salt and Areca would become free to all the inhabitants of the country, beginning in the month of September 1768, but that before that time no one would be permitted to transport either the one or the other from one place to another, since it was equitable that the committee first
Dutch transcription
850 uitvoer van die onderneming in geborgen wier„ den, ieder een prorato van 't interest dat zyn rang hem toebragt zyn portie gegeven hebbende beliep de somma tot 40 Lak Ropyen het werk dus verre gekomen zynde, wierdende sout vannen aanstonds vermeesterd en over„ al het verbod uitgeroepen belettende alle koopluiden voor haar Rekening sout te maaken of te Areek in te koopen alles wierd„ opgehouden voor de reekening van die so„ cieteyt, die van die tyd af de naam van sout committi heeft aangenomen, men stelde een vaste prijs op dien handel met alle de gebieders van de dorpen die men tot een contract dwong om de benodigde quanti„ teyt te leeveren, ter gebruik van 't heele ryk„ men belaste ieder provencie met een vas te prijs die gesteld wierd na de verheid van de plaats, ofte de risicos van de vervoering, n het is wel te denken dat de so genaemde committé haare voordeelen met lieten slip„ pen door deze schikking; in verscheidene plaatsen voreren er Agenten Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ster als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat m zulks te kunnen 1 Cento ib den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge heb, UWel Edele Prijsen Winst geheel. 701. 68 . 794. . - 65¾ 03 96. 15 967. 7 - - - . . 96 alhier 31½ prc„ di Comptoire verkogt, als 1628 ¼4 met 65½ prC„t Advan 1048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„ t ruijm 000. met 40 3/64„ 21 123/376 prco Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden barl en Ed„ „medienaar H: H: Damius prCo Raaden. Heer en Respectiven Houglijsen Raad. George Louis Verner en over's Comp„s, Importanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ gestuurd Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens en. stuurd tot den uitkoop van dien handel. dezen Agenten wierd alle magt toegestaen, behoorlyk tot den goeden uitval van de onderneming der geenen die er belang in hadden, waar zy van misbruikte om te monopoliseeren, en het volk te belasten, die niet klagen kunnen dewyl het de bevelen waren van de meesters van het land de Engels ch Gouverneur had drie parten van de sestig, de tweede, twee, ieder Raadsper„ soon een, en de reste was verdeelt tusschen de an¬ dere bediendens van de Compagnie, de particuli„ =re koopluyden hadden er geen parton, maer dan kwam voor den dag een Soort van Bank ofte Agio waar door ieder een aangenomen wierdt en ko¬ pende de part van een van de societeit, tegens een advans die tusschen de partyen bepaalt was, door dit middel wierd dit monopolium een pa„ rig goed gekeurd, door de Engelsche Natie in Ben„ galen en een ieder die 'er syne voordeel by had vond deze een van de wyste schikkingen van staatkunde, nog tans bevreest zynde dat de Compagnie het zo goed niet zoude keuren, en dat gebelgd tegen alle de dwaalingen die deeze stelting 861 stichting onderheevig was, zekerlyk zoude ge„ waar worden, en dan beveelen tegen die socieleit senden souden, om deeze vreese voor te koomen vont men goed de compagnie op 't totael van de verkoop tien pr. C=o toe te staen het welk Circa agt Lak bedroeg door dit Lok aas dogt men haar genoegsaem te vreede gesteld te hebben en in der daadscheen het zoo ofte minste kwam er geen order strydig tegen het gene dat gedaan was. het eerste Jaar viel uyt na de verwachting van alle de geene die er belang by hadden, sy kreegen meer dan honderd per Cento ter uyt deeling alle onkosten betaald. het tweede Jaer verminderde, men hadde de verdrukking van het volk wat verligt de winst bedroeg maer 80 p=s echter zugten het volk onder de ver„ drukking, en de engelsche particuliere die geen deel in deze groote voordeelen hadden schree„ ven 'er overna haar van den in Engeland met alle de vryheid die de Natie eygen is, de klachten wiezen algemeen en kwamen ter oozen van het Parlement, men hoorde over al Comptoire verkogt, als 1628¼ met 65½ prC„t Advan 1048¾4 „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„ rueijm 000. met 40 3/64„ 241 23/376 prco Edele Achtbare ve Heer erde Raaden Caro en Ed „medienaar H: H: Damius Prijsen Winst 3 796. 18. 96: 7 . - - . 96 alhier 31½ prc diourd s geheel. — 7017. 16. 8. 2791. 4-. 65¼ prCo Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat in zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge„ het UWel Edele Raaden. Heer en Respectiven Houglijsen Raad. r over's Comp„s, Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Verner seggen Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens ren. ing seggen dat de Engelsche compagnie de zout pagt in Bengaalen had opgeregt, om de geol„ gen die, die gerugten haar onderheevig maakten te meyden, sonder zy met den haest een order aan haar raad om de commelté van 't Zout en den Areek te vernietigen en dezen tak van den handel aan alle inwoon„ ders van 't land open te laaten dit kon niet aanstonds ter uitwerk gebragt werden zonder een algemeen verval te oorzaaken, aan de leeden van die sorieteit die haer geld voor uitgeschooten hadden: ook wiers er in den Raad een resolutie genomen om die socceteit nog een jaar in stand te houden, ingevolge van dien wierd door het heele Ryk uitgeroepen dat den handel van 't zout en den Areek vry souden wor¬ den, aan alle de inwoonders van 't land te beginnen in de maand van 7=blen 6. 3 maer dat voor die tyd aan niemand toegestaen zoude worden het een of het andere te ver„ voeren van de eene plaats tot den anderen, vermits het billijk was dat de committe eerst
English
863 first sought to secure for himself the buyout of the entire quantity that they still had on hand. The prohibition of the English Company prevented all Englishmen from trading in one or the other of those articles. This worked upon the nawab so that the same prohibition took place concerning the other French, Danish, and Dutch nations, and immediately these received a parwana in that regard, but a long time after the English had let it be proclaimed and that they left this trade free without condition or explanation that this freedom only concerned the native inhabitants of the country or indeed also the other European Nations. Acting upon this belief, everyone did his best to advance his money toward the commencement of the publication L. C. with the condition of transporting none of those merchandises before the month of J:b 63. The English, aroused by envy, then caused the Parwana sold to the office, as 1628 1/4 at 65 1/2 percent Advance 1048 3/4 at 57 1/4 percent 64 3/9 percent advance 000. at 40 3/64 percent 21 2/376 percent Honorable Respected Lord and Councilors Honorable and Respected fellow servant Prices Profit 33 17946. 15 967:17 - - - 96 here 31 1/2 percent dearer 7001. 16. 8. 79. 4- . 65 3/4 as a whole. percent Conclusion of this account to serve from August 1765, with as the same in yielded, what in order to be able to 1/2 Hundredweight lb the Purchase Percent, from here have Your Honor Councilors. Lord and Respective Hugli concerning the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms Behar and Orixa etc. George Louis Serner from To the Honorable Respected Together with Council. and. H: H: Damius debt of the Nawab mentioned before to be served to the other Nations, without regard to the loss that they would suffer through the moneys that each private person had advanced on the general belief. Several complaining representations having been sent to the English, they gave as answer that they could not meddle with that matter, it depending solely on the Nawab, and the latter declared plainly that this conduct was prescribed to him on his part and that he was forced to be obedient, so that until today nothing yet has been decided, and those who have advanced money, how they will come out with the matter. What is certain, is that the English for the present still hold the salt exclusively under the name of the natives who are in their service. The Nawab knows it but dares not speak. The Natives who thought to be free are better aware, for when they seek to carry on that trade they are immediately driven away by the English subjects, who who hold the power in hand, and they are forced to yield, so that this trade will remain entirely with the Calcutta Council under the difference of feigned names. This is already known to the whole world, and no one is unaware. What can the Nawab do? He is dependent, and he bows under the yoke. By this representation one can easily judge the size of this monopoly, which annually amounts to 40 Lakhs or 10 millions. Why should one be astonished at the rapid fortunes that the English private persons make, and at the multitude of money that they remit to Europe? They argue against the other Nations that they have nothing to complain about concerning the prohibition of that trade, because from all time, and before the war, the government had never permitted them that trade. That is true, but there has also always been grievance made about it as being an infringement of their privileges, which gave them the exclusive right to carry on all branches of the trade without exception 1628 1/4 at 65 1/2 percent Advance 1048 3/4 at 17 1/4 percent 64 3/9 percent advance 000. at 40 3/64 percent 293 21 /576 percent Honorable Respected and Councilors Honorable and Respected sold to the office, as fellow servant H: H: Damius Prices Profit 968. 1o 67 7 - - - 96 3/4 here 31 1/2 percent dearer 17017 16. 8. 279. 4-. . 65 1/2 as a whole. percent Conclusion of this account to serve from August 1765, with as the same in yielded, what in order to be able to Hundredweight lb the Purchase Percent, from here have Your Honor Councilors. Lord Council. and Respective Hugli concerning the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms Behar and Orixa etc. George Louis Verner Together with Lord tion To the Honorable Respected 865 in. of who tion in Bengal. To make this certain, one must peruse all the various parwanas of the nawab; one will find in almost all of them that the complete freedom of trade has been granted to us, namely, in silk, silk fabrics, linens, grains, provisions: Ogaera, a Persian word which corresponds with our et cetera. What does that et cetera signify other than everything in general? Are not salt and the Areca nut also parts of it? Even if the government has opposed it, it is still only a violence that wrongly takes it away, and we are righteously justified in Europe in demanding that this right may be restored to us. On the other hand, we must make a great distinction between the manner in which that prohibition is imposed on us today, and between that time when the country was governed by its own rulers and laws; with gifts, which in truth were costly, and secret negotiations of the chiefs of the nations with some of the council of the Prince whom they had as friends, they could obtain private permissions. As proof, Mr.
Dutch transcription
863 eerst zig zogt te verseekeren van den uitkoop van de heele quantiteyt die zig nog op handen hadden. het verbod van de En„ gelsche Compagnie belette alle Engelschen om een de eene of de andere van die artika„ =len te handelen deze bewerkte by de nawab dat het zelfde verbod plaats kreeg omtrent de andere fransche, deensche en holland„ sche natien en dadelyk kreegen dezen een parwana ten dien opsigt, maar lange tyd na dat de Engelsche haddelaaten uyt roep en dat zy dezen handel vry lieten son„ der bepaling ofte uitlegging dat die vry„ heid alleen de natuurlyke inwoonders van het land aangong dan ook wel de andere Europeesche Natien, op dit ge„ loof te werk gaande deed ieder zyn best om zyn geld voor uit te schieten te„ gens het aangaan van de publiekatie L. C. met de conditie van geen van die koopmanschapp en te vervoeren voor de maend wan J:b 63 de Engelsche door de nyd verwekt deeden als dan de Verwana Comptoire verkogt, als 1628 ¼ met 65½2 prC„t Advan= 1048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„ reijm 000. met 40 3/64„ 21 2/376 pnco Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden baro en Ed„ „medienaar Prijsen Winst 33 17946. 15 967:17 - - - 96 alhier 31½2 prc diurd 7001. 16. 8. 79. 4- . 65¾ ¶ geheel. prC Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat m zulks te kunnen ½ Cento lb den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge heb UWel Edele Raaden. Heer en Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Serner van Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens Raad. en. H: H: Damius deb van de Nawab te vooren gemeld dienen aan d andere Natien sonder aanzien van 't verlies dat zy hebben zouden door de penningen die ieder partikulier voor uitgesclooten had opt algemeen geloof, verscheiden klaegende vertogen aan d'Engelsche gesonden zyn ga„ ven zy tot antwoord dat zy zig met die zaak niet konde bemoejen, alleen van de Nawab afhangende, en deze betuigde naaktelyk dat dit gedrag van zijn kant hem voorge„ schreven was en dat hy genoodzaakt was ge¬ „dat loorzaam te wezen, zoo tot heeden toe en nog niets beslooten is, en de geene die geld vou„ uitgesclooten hebben, hoe dat zy met de zaek zullen uitkomen, wat zeker is, is dat de Engelschen het zout voor eerst nog alleen aanhouden onder de naam van de nlan„ ders die in haar dienst zyn, de Nawab weet het maaren durft niet spreeken de Inlanders die vrydogten te weezen, zyn beter bewust, want wanneer zy die han„ del zoeken te dryven worden zy met e naest verjaagt door de Engelsche onderdaaren, die die de kragt in handen hebben, en zy genood„ zaakt te deensen, zo dat dien handel heele„ maal aan de kalkatsche Raad zal blyven met het verschil van geveins de namen dit is alreeds de heele wereld bekent, en nie¬ mand onbewust, wat kan de Nawab doen, hy is afhankelyk, en doet hy sig onder 't Iuk te burgen, door dit vertoog kan men ligt oordeelen over de groote van disno„ nopolium die 's jaarlyks bedraagd 40 Lak ofte 10 millioenen waarom zoude men ver„ wondert wezen over de spoedige fortuynen die d'Engelsche partikulieren maken, en over 't menigte geld dat zy in Europa overmaaken, zy brengen in, tegen de andere Natien dat zy niet te klaagen hebben, over het verbod van dien handel dewyl dat van alle tyd, en be„ voorens den oorlog, de regeering haar nooyt dien handel hadde toegestaen, dat is waar, maar ook daar over altyj & gedo„ leert als zynde een verbreeking van haare privilegien die haar het uitsluitend regtgaf van alle takken van den handel sonder uitnee„ 1628¼ met 65½ prC„t Adran= 1048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 prC„ reeijm 000. met 40 3/64„ 293 21 /576 prCo Edele Achtbare erde Raaden baro en Ed„e Comptoire verkogt, als „medienaar H: H: Damius Prijsen Winst 968. 1o 67 7 - - - 96¾ alhier 31½2 prc duurd 17017 16. 8. 279. 4-. . 65½ s geheel. prCo Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat in zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge„ heb Uwel Edele Raaden. Heer Raad. en Respectiven Houglijsen over's Comps Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Verner Beneevens Heer ming Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare 865 ren. ve die ming in Bengalen te dryven, voor dit seeker te maken moet men alle verscheidene parwanaa van de nawab na-leezen men zal meest in alle van den dat ons de heele vryheid van den handel is toegestaen, te weeten, en syde, sy de stoffen Lywaten, graanen, eetwaaren: O gaera persi„ aanschwoordt het welke met onse, et cetras over een komt, wat beduid die et cetera anders dan alles in 't generaal, zynen 't zout en den Areekser ook geen deelen van, al heeft de regeering er sig tegen gesteld, is 't tog maar een geweld die on regt met en weg neemt, en wy zyn regtvaerdig gevestigt in Europa te vergen dat ons dat regt wedergelden mogen, ten andere moeten wy een groot verschil maken tusschen de manier dat ons dat verbod „ heden gelegt wordt, en tusschen die tyd dat het land door haar eigen gebieders, en wetten bestierd was, met schenkagien die in waerheid kostelyk waaren en geheime on„ derhandelingen van de hoofde van de natien met eenige van de raad van den Prins die sy tot vriende hadden kosten zy partikulieren permissien verkrygen. voor bewys zo had M=r
English
Mr. Courtin obtained an indefinite permission to conduct the trade of Dacca salt in the Kingdom of Assam with exemption from all tolls, having obtained this by sharing on his pass 50 thousand rupees between those who could obtain for him the Prince's consent, but this finds no favor with the English; they swallow everything, and their greed does not allow them to concede the smallest portion to other nations. If we aim to make private trade flourish in their colonies, we must by absolute necessity address ourselves to the English Company or nation to obtain a general privilege for trade, of whatever nature it may be called, provided that the tolls commonly due to the Moorish government are paid. One must, if possible, hold to this objective, as the sole means to make trade between the English and other nations equal and to restore our credit and power in the country. On the Trade of the 8673 Lord Council. To the Respective Councilors of Hugli. To serve from August 1765, with [illegible] as the same has yielded, what [illegible] in such to be able to [illegible] percent in the purchase cent, from here [illegible] have Your Right Honorable [illegible] Resolution of this [illegible] Prices Profit 701. 168. 279. 4 . . . 63½ 3 7963. 18. 967. 17 . . .. here 31½ percent more expensive whole. 96 Office sold, as 1628 ¼ with 65½ percent advance 1048¾ with 17¼ percent 64 3/9 percent ample 000. with 40 3/4 percent 293 21/576 percent Honorable Worshipful Lord Councilor Carl and Honorable fellow servant regarding the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms of Behar and Orissa etc. George Louis Vernet together with Surat To the Right Honorable Worshipful percent H: H: Damius Surat Kapok This trade has at all times stood open to all nations who brought as much of it to Bengal as they saw fit. Now that the English are masters in Surat, they have gained such control over this crop that it is difficult to obtain it through another channel. This is not yet the greatest difficulty; through their inexhaustible treasures, the Council of Calcutta has found the means to make a monopoly of that crop in the most inequitable manner, just as on all other merchandises. But this affects the English Company closely, as well as the other companies. The following detailed account will serve as proof. The Council of Calcutta last year ordered their Agents in Surat and Bombay to retain all the kapok on their account, so far as they thought the consumption for the manufacture of linens in Bengal would amount to. To achieve their aim, they had sent the necessary 869 funds, whereby their commission was also quickly fulfilled. From all sides ships were prepared to transport all the kapok that was brought in. Then they were busy setting the highest price on it that one could, to the general profit of the buyers. The price was set without shame at 24 rupees, and they would not deliver it for less. N.B. The purchase price at Surat is 10 rupees or thereabouts, and commonly the price in Bengal ran from 12 to 13 or 15 to 20; only in the years that the harvest was unfavorable did that crop reach the price that the society has now set upon it, which does not fail to buy up what other English ships—which they cannot prevent from importing—bring in, so that the entire quantity remains in their hands, and thereby the price cannot decrease. This crop being necessary for the manufacture of linens, one is always assured of a steady market. What follows Office sold, as 1628 ¼ with 65½ percent advance 1048¾ with 17¼ percent 64 3/9 percent ample 000. with 40 3/64 percent 241 123/376 percent Honorable Worshipful Councilor Carl and Honorable Lord fellow servant H: H: Damius Prices Profit 96. 18. 967 7 - - - 96 here 31½ percent more expensive 27017. 6 8. 279. 4- . 65/ whole. August 1765, with as the same has yielded, what in such to be able to Cent, from here have Your Right Honorable 1 Cent in the Purchase Resolution of this to serve from Councilors. Council. Lord To the Respective Councilors of Hugli regarding the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms of Behar and Orissa etc. George Louis Vernet together with there To the Right Honorable Worshipful percent from that is that the weavers, who buy it so dearly, usually from a second or third hand, are forced to raise the price of the linens in proportion to that of the kapok from which they are made, which is one of the reasons for the expensiveness and poor quality of the linens of this year, the weaver seeking to economize in proportion to the quantity of threads that must go into the piece. From this one can determine how detrimental this monopoly is to all companies, and how near the English Company is to desisting from all these detrimental errors. I imagine that we shall easily obtain satisfaction on this article, the English and other nations being so greatly disadvantaged by it. N.B. The quantity that the society has acquired this year is about one hundred thousand maunds, which amounts to twenty-four lakh or six million against twenty-four rupees per maund; from this arises six lakh which the linens must make good, and it is clear that it is so much detriment to the
Dutch transcription
M:r Courtmn een onbepaalde permissie verkre„ gen om den handel van 't Dakkasche Zout, in het Ryk van Assem te dryven met de bevry„ ding van alle tollen, dit verkreegen hebben de met op zyn pas 50 duyzend ropias int ten deelen, tusschen de geenen die hem de toestammarg van den Prins konnen verwerven, maar disen vind geen plaats by de Engelschen zy inzevelgen alles, en haer te versugt staet haer niet toe het kleinste gedeelte aan de andere natien toe te laten, zoo wy doelen om den partikulieren handel in haare Colonien te doen floreeren, moeten wy met alle noodzaakelyk beid ons aan de Engelsche Comp: ofte natie regten tot verkryging van een algemeene privelegie voor den handel hoefe genaamt, mits voldoen„ =de de tollen de gewoonlijk zyn aan de moor„ sche regeering te betaalen, by dit oogmerk moet men, zoo 't mogelyk is blyven, als het eenig middel om den handel tusschen de Engelsche en de andere natien gelyk te stellen en ons credit en magt in 't Land te herstellen. van den Handel van de 8673 Heer Raad. Den Respectiven Houglijsen Raaden. om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ster als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat in zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge„ heb UWel Edele Besluijt deeser Ver„ Prijsen Winst 701. 168. 279. 4 . . . 63½ 3 7963. 18. 967. 17 . . .. alhier 31½ prc„ diur geheel. 96 Comptoire verkogt, als 1628 ¼ met 65½ prcC„t Adrans 1048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 prC„ ruijm 000. met 40 3/4„ 293 21 /576 pnCo Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Carl en Ed„ „medienaar ve r over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Verner Beneevens Soeratsche Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare en. prC H: H: Damius Soeratsche Rapok dezen handel heeft van aller tyden vay geslaan aan alle natien die er zoveel van in Bengalen aanvoerden als zy goed keurde, waarheeden dat de Engelsche in souratten baas zyn heb„ ben zy dit gewas zo vermeestert dat het moeie¬ lyk is het door een ander Canaal te krygen dit is nog met de groots te zwaarigheid, door haar, onuutpultelyke schatten heeft den Raat van Kalkatten, middel gevonden op de onbillykste wyze een monopolium van dat gewas te maaken, gelyk als op alle andere koopmanschappen, maar dit gaat de Engel„ sche Compagnie nader aan, als even ook de andere maatschappyjen, bet volgende om„ standig verhaal zal tot bewys dienen den Raad van Kalkatta heeft voorleeden jaer aan haar Agenten te souratte en Bombay gelast alle de kapok voor haar reekening aen te houden voor zo verre als zy dogten dat het vertier voor het aanmaaken van Lynwo„ ten in Bengalen souden beloopen, om haer oogmerk te bereiken hadden zy de nodige penningen 869 penningen gesonden, waar door haar Commis sie ook schielyk voldaan is geworden van alle kanten wierden er scheepen bereyd voor 't vervoeren van alle het kapok dat aengehou„ den binnen kwam, toe was men bezig de hoog„ ste prys'er op te stellen dat men kon tot alge„ meen voordeel van de inkoopers, de prys wierd sonder schaamte op 24 Ropyen ge„ set, en dat men het niet minder zouden leveren, N B de inkoopsprys op Souratta is 10 ropgen of circa en dat gemeenlyk de prys in Bengaalen van 12 tot 13 oft 15 a 20 op liep alleen in de Jaaren dat de inzaame„ ling tegenspoedig is geweest heeft dat gewas de prijs behaalt die de societeit er nu opge¬ steld had, en die niet nalaat het geene nog inte koopen dat andere Engels de scheepen 28. die zij niet beletten kennen aen te voeren, aa te vrezer zoo dat de heele party in haare han„ den blyft en daar door de prys niet verminde ren kan dit gewas nood zakelyk zynde voor 't aanmaaken van de lywaaten is men altoose seeker van een varste nering wat spreeft Comptoire verkogt, als 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„ot Advran 1048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„ reeijm 000. met 40 3/64„ 241 123/376 prc:o Edele Achtbare erde Raaden Carl en Ed Heer medienaar H: H: Damius Prijsen Winst 96. 18. 967 7 - - - 96 alhier 31½2 prc duurd 27017. 6 8. 279. 4- . 65/ ¶ geheel. Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat in zulks te kunnen Cent, van hier ge„ het UWel Edele 1 Cento ib den Inkoop Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Raaden. Raad. Heer Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impertanten „ Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Verner Beneevens daar Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare en. prC daar uyt dat de weevers die het soo dur in koopen gemeenlyk van een tweede ofte derde handgenoodzaakt zyn de prys van de lywaten na proportie te verhoogen na die van het Capost waarze van aangemaakt worden, het welk een van de reden is van de duuite en slegtheid van de lywaaten van dit Jaar, de weever soeken„ de te spaaren na proportie op de menigte van draaden die in het stuk komen moeten hier door kan men uytmaken hoe nadeelig dat dit monopolium voor alle maatschappyen is, en hoe na de Engelsche Compagnie is om alle dee nadeelige dwaalinge te ontwennen, Ik verbeed den myn dat men van dit artikel ligt satis„ factie zullen krygen, de Engelschen en andere Natien, er zoo veel door benaadeelt zynde NB De quantiteyt die die societeayt vande Jaar bemagtigt heeft is circa honderd elun zend Maon het geen vier en twintig zak of te ses Milleoemen uitmaakt tegens vier en tw aan tig ropyen per maon, daar uyt spruyt ses zakdie de Lywaten goed moeten maaken en het is klaar dat het soo veel nadeel voor gen de
English
Note: the rupees of which mention is made amount in gold to 13 Annas 5 41/100, in silver 1 Anna 43 1/100; there are some that amount to only copper 0 Annas 61 7/100, silver 1½ Annas, total 16 Annas, but the English forced people to accept them. The company is for the benefit of a very small number of private individuals. What we bring forward here is not exaggerated, but the plain truth; we take no other witnesses than the Calcutta inhabitants themselves. Regarding the gold rupees: although this matter concerns trade only indirectly, it has nevertheless been deemed proper to add it here, in order to convince the entire world more and more how violent and unjust the English are in their government. Thus they have seen fit to strike gold rupees in their mint, on which they have set the nominal value of 14 rupees, while their actual value is only (Note) 12 rupees and eight Annas, which can easily be proven by assay. 16 Annas: in Gold: 13 Annas Copper: 1½ Annas In the beginning, when this coin appeared, the money changers refused to accept it at the set price because of the loss they suffered by it. The English, seeing this, made a regulation in Calcutta by which all people were forced to accept this new money at the set price of 14 Sicca rupees. This regulation was enforced and carried out; but when they wished to apply the same throughout the entire kingdom, all the money changers proved refractory. Thereupon they were treated with superior force and violence: some were imprisoned, others were beaten. But as nothing resulted from all these mistreatments, they sought to enforce it through an example that could have had a place only in the most barbarous ages: one of the money changers was hanged in Murshidabad. From this one can judge what is to be expected from a government that acts upon such principles. Regarding private trade in general: the English, unable to remain at ease and unable to restrain their envious nature, have dealt the death blow to the private trade of the other nations, and have used the most apt means to destroy it. Being convinced that it was not fitting to use their own name in this matter, for fear of bringing upon themselves the wrath and just reproach of all nations, who would not refrain from rising up against them, they had their secret envy carried out by the Nawab, who issued a prohibition and delivered it in the form of a letter to the director of the French Nation, whereby all kinds of trade are forbidden, except for the loading of the home country's ships. A translated copy from the Persian has been sent to the directors of the East India Company in France. This prohibition states that in the future no French subject will be permitted to trade in grain, indigenous butter, oil, wood, and even bamboos, or anything of that kind. Through this enumeration one can easily see the English disposition shining through, which drafted that letter, and which concerned itself with these petty matters solely to carry out the obstruction more completely and to reduce the other nations to nothing, despite their privileges. In order to execute their detrimental system better, English policy took care to attack only one nation at a time. It began with the French, for fear that if it attacked the Dutch at the same time, the two nations would unite to defend their common interests and oppose the detrimental objective of their adversary. Thus it is most prudent to disperse the cloud before it bursts, considering that once the French nation is stripped of its privileges, the Dutch would soon have their turn, and the English would achieve their objective by destroying the two nations. There is only too much reason to guard against this misfortune. English power knows no bounds anymore; immoderate greed drives it to everything, and all means that achieve the objective are approved. The privileges of the nations are no longer respected; every day it is
Dutch transcription
NB de nopyen waar en textie van gem: word bedragen aan gout Anas 13: 5 41/100 „ silver „ 1: 43 1/100„ daar zyn er die maar bedragen „ kooper - - - „ -: 61 7/100 „ silver. - - „ 1½ 16 Anns maar tdrop maar d' Engels de divi„ gen turop aen te nemen. de maatschappyen is, ten voordeel van een re„ klein getal partikulieren wat wy hier voor den dag brengen, is niet bezwaart, maar b de regte waarheid, wy neemen geen andere getuigen als de kalkatsche in woonders zelfs van de goude ropyen schoon dat dit artikel den handel maer„ ter zyde aangaat, heeft men ondertusschen goedgevonden, 't hier by te voegen, om meer en en meer de heele wereld te overtuigen hoe ge weldagieg en onregt vaardig das de Ongel: schen in haar bestier zyn, zo hebben goed gevonden in haar munt goude ropyen te slaen waar op sy de waerhei dan 14 dops Iik gesteld hebben, terwyl haar wezendyke waarden maar is /NB: /12 kop:s en agt Anas het welk men gemakkelyk door de proef kan bewyzen in de aanvang dat deeze munt 16 dnas door den dag quam, weigerde de wisselaers tin can Goudt. . . . . Anas 13: — Ze tegens de gestelde prys aen te nemen Koper - - - — 1 ½ door het verlies dat zy er doorleeden, de n„ en de wezentlyke waardy van dezens En geldden dit te zien krygende maekte voor gen deloisselaars en andere omseten, een reglement tot Calcatta waar door alle 1628¼ met 65½ prC„t Advan= 5048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 prC„ ruijm 000. met 40 3/64 „ 21 23/376 prc:o Edele Achtbare erde Raaden barl en Ed„ Comptoire verkogt, als „medienaar Heer Prijsen Winst 33 7963. 15 967. 7 - . . . 96¾ alhier 31½ poc duurd 701. 168. 279. 4 -. . 63/ geheel. Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in heb, UWel Edele om te dienen van erendeert heeft, wat Cent, van hier ge Besluijt deeser Ver„ m zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inko Raaden. Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Verner de Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens Raad. Heer 871 en. 30 H: H: Damius „ ses vande de menschen gedwongen wieren dit nieuwgela voor de gestelde pris van 14 ropiges Sieca Koers te laaten hebben, dit Reglement is door gegaan en vol„ dagt, maar toe men het zelve door 't heele koning ryk heeft willen laaten dienen, hebbe sig alle de wisselaars wederspannig geloort, maar toe wierden sy behandelt met over kragten geweld met sette &' eene gevangene d' andere wierden ge„ slagen, maar uit alle deeze mishandelingen niets spruytende, heeft men het zoeken te dien¬ gen door een er empel dat in de Barbaarste e„ wen soude plaets hebben kunnen, daar wierd een van de witselaars in maradabad opge„ hangen hieruit kan men oordeelen, wat men te verwagten heeft van een regering die op sal ke grondnegelen te werk gaet van de partikuliere handel in 't alge: neeen. de Engelschen niet in aust blyven tannen de en haare afgunstige myt net dwingen ken„ nende, hebbende de genade slag gegeven aen de partikuliere handel van de andere natien, en het bekwaamste middelgebruikt om het te 873 te vernietigen, overtuigt zynde, dat het niet be¬ taamde hare naam te gebruiken in dit stuk werk, uit vrees van sig de gramschap en billyk verwyt van alle natien sig op de hals te haalen, die sig niet wederhouden souden tegen haar op te staen, soo hebben sy haar geheime afgunst ten uitvoer la„ ten brengen, door de Nawab die een verbod voor den dag gebragt heeft, en ingedient briefs gewys aan den directeur van de fransche Na„ tie waar door alle soort van handel verbo¬ den is, behalven die der lading van de vader landsche scheepen, een overtaalde Copia uytpe„ siaansch is aan de bewindhebberen der oost„ Indische maatschappy na frankryk toege„ zonden, dit verbodt staat hier in, dat in toeko„ mende, aan geen fransch onderdaan toege„ staen zal worden, in graanen, inlandsch boter, Oly, hout en selfs Bamboesen, nog iets soo genaamt te handelen door deze uittel„ =ling kan men ligt de Engelsche inborstzien straalen, die die brief heeft opgesteld, en die alleen in die beuselachtige omstandig„ 000. met 40 3/64 „ 24 12/376 prcCo Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Caro en Ed„ „medienaar Comptoire verkogt, als 1628¼ met 65½2 prC„t Adran 1048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„ ruijm 3 7968. 18. 967: 7- - - 96¾ alhier 31½2 prc diurd Prijsen Winst 701. 6. 8. 179. 4 - . . 65½ porCo ^ geheel. Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat m zulks te kunnen 1 Cento ib den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van heb, UWel Edele Raaden. Heer Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impertanten „ Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Verner heden Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens Raad. en. . H: H: Damius heden sig heeft ingelaaten, om de hindering vol„ maakter te uijtvoeren, ende andere Natien tot niets te brengen, en spyt van haare privilogien om haar naadeelig sistema beter te uitvoeren heeft de Engelsche staatkunde sorg gedraagen, van maar een Natie te gelyk aan te randen zy heeft met de fransche begonnen uit vrees dat te gelyk aan de hollandersternende, de twee natie„ sig vereenigen souden om haare algemeene beelan„ gen te verweezen en sig tegen het nadeelig oog„ merk van haar tegen party aan te kanten, zo is het 't voorsigtigste de wolk te breeken voor dat hy int barst, uit hoofde dat de fransche natie eens van haare privilegien berooft zynde de hollanders schielyk haar beurt zoude kry„ gen, en de Engelschen haar oogmerk bereeken„ door het vernietigen van de twee natien, daar is maar te veel reden om sig voor dit ongeluk te waren, de Engelsche magt en kent geen paalen meer, de onmatige begeerlykheid doet haar tot alles over gaan, en alle de middelen die hetoog„ merk bereiken syn goedgekeurt, de paurlegeen der natien werden niet meer ontzien alle dagen wordt
English
is the law of nations insulted. In the end, they aim at nothing else than, through injustices and oppressions, to force the other nations to abandon a country where they are tolerated with regret. The best means is without doubt to hinder their trade, that being the sole motive why they have settled in the country. The two Companies must themselves be convinced of the great interest they have in uniting over so important a matter; and indeed, if they permit private trade in India to be destroyed, they will have likewise to expect the same for the trade of Europe. Through their connection, one must endeavor to maintain them all equally. Moreover, what is the purpose of the Companies, other than to expand the trade of the State? Is private trade not the principal part thereof? By what means do all the subjects scattered across India live, and without that trade, who would wish to be a servant of a Company, sold at the factory, as: 1628 1/4 at 65 1/2 per cent advance 5048 3/4 at 57 1/4 64 3/9 per cent ample 000 at 40 3/64 93 21 576 per cent Honorable Sir Councillors Carl and Honorable fellow servant Prices Profit 7017 16. 8. 279. 4. -. 65 1/2 3 96. 1. 46:17. - - . 96 here 31 1/2 per cent more expensive whole. per to serve from August 1765, with as the same in has rendered, what to be able to cent, from here have your Honor Resolution of this cent on the purchase Councillors. Sir Council. The respective Hooghly concerning the Company's important interests in the Kingdoms Bihar and Orissa etc. George Louis Vernet to be To the Right Honorable Together with and. H. H. Damius whose emoluments are so meager that one can barely live on them? These observations are too just, and the content of too great importance, for the two Companies not to join together in order to reclaim from England the maintenance and observance of their privileges, and the freedom of trade in this part of India. And if one is able to make an equitable arrangement with the English Company, it is necessary that it be drawn up in writing in the manner of a treaty, with all the authenticity that such a work requires. Concerning maritime trade: This trade, which ought to be subject to no hindrances, and the extent of which is more than sufficient to satisfy all nations, is nevertheless not free from oppression, violence, and monopoly. The English, who occupy nearly all of it through the countless number of their vessels, whether in Bengal, Madras, or Bombay, carry their jealousy so far that they view with impatience the few shipping ventures undertaken by the other nations; nor do they let anything slip by to thwart them and cause them to turn out to the ruin of the shipowners. The voyages to Jeddah, Mocha, Basra, and Surat are no longer advisable because of the measures they have taken to secure for themselves the freight of all Bengali merchants. The Council of Calcutta equips ships that are maintained solely for freight, and to that end they compel the merchants to give their merchandise to them. If there is one who refuses, he is utterly ruined, and harassed and persecuted to that end until his downfall has resulted from it. The Armenians obey out of fear and no longer dare to load anything onto Dutch and French ships. When they wished to maintain their freedom, their trade was shut down until they submitted. The Calcutta Council has carried absolutism so far that even private English ships are not permitted to accept any freight until the ships of the Council have been completely supplied with it, and it has often 000 at 40 3/64 24 23/376 per cent Honorable Sir Councillors Carl and Honorable fellow servant sold at the factory, as: 1628 1/4 at 65 1/2 per cent advance 1048 3/4 at 57 1/4 64 3/9 per cent ample 96. 18. 96: 17 - - - 96 here 31 1/2 per cent more expensive Prices Profit per cent 707 16 8. 279. 4 -. 65 1/2 whole. August 1765, with as the same in has rendered, what to be able to cent, from here the your Honor Resolution of this 1 cent on the purchase to serve from Councillors. The respective Hooghly concerning the Company's important interests in the Kingdoms Bihar and Orissa etc. George Louis Vernet To the Right Honorable Together with Council. Sir and. H. H. Damius it happened happened that the peons of the Council, stationed along the river for that purpose, have removed the freight from private ships in order to load the ships of the Council therewith, even though the freighter had intended to favor another ship therewith. This extraordinary conduct has prompted all private English merchants to send their grievances to England by private letters of complaint, and not one of them will ever refuse to declare what we state here to be the truth. Where is freedom apparent from this? One can mention no country where slavery and servitude are carried further. English laws are certainly not so; on the contrary, their substance is the pillar of justice, the asylum of the oppressed. But these are of no value in India; the persons who hold power in their hands enact laws that better suit their ambitious ends. In a word, greed is their chosen law, which, being supported by supreme authority and power, constitutes the cause of the complaints that
Dutch transcription
875 word het regt der volkren beledigt, eindelyk doelen zy op niet anders, als door onrechtvaer¬ digheeden, en onderdrukkingen de andere natien te dwingen om een land te verlaaten waar zy met leedwezen in verdragen worden het beste middel is zonder twijffel van haelde handel te beletten, zynde de eenigste beweeg reden, waarom zy zig in het Landen geseten hebben de twee maatschappy en moeten selfs overtuigt wezen van het groot belang dat zy hebben van sig over soo eene voornaame zaek te vereenigen en in der raad zo zy toe„ staen dat den partikulieren handel in Indien vernietigt werdt hebben zeschelyk 't zelve te verwaelten voor den handel van Europa, door haar samenhang moet men trachten de alle by gelyk op te houden daar by wat is het oogmerk van de maatschappy en den handel van de staat uit te breeden, is de partikuliere handel er met het voornaam ste deel van; door wat leven alle de onderdanen die en India verspryf zyn, en zonder der handel wie zou dienaer van een Compagnie willen Comptoire verkogt, als 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„ot Adran 5048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 prC„ reeijm 000. met 40 3/64 „ 93 21 576 pnCo Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Carl en Ed„e „medienaar Prijsen Winst 7017 16. 8. 279. 4 -. 65 ½ 3 96. 1. 46:17 . - - . 96 alhier 31½2 prc duurd geheel. pr om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat m zulks te kunnen Cent, van hier ge heb Uwel Edele Besluijt deeser Ven„ Cento ib den Inko Raaden. Heer Raad. Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impestanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Serner weezen Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens en. H: H: Damius weezen, wiens emolumenten zo gering zyn, dat men er pas van leeven kan; deze aanmerkingen zyn te regtvaardig, en de inhoudt van te groot be„ lang dat sig de twee maatschappyen niet by een souden voegen, om aen Engeland de lanthae„ ving de onderhoud van haare pruvilegien, en de vryheid van den handel in dit gedeelte van India te wedereischen en soo men te regt keanom met de Engelsche maatschapp yn eene regtevaardige schikking te maaken, zoo is het noodzakelyk, dat het schriftelyk tractaats wyze word opgemaekt niet alle de Autherticiteit dat zo een werk verach Van den zee handel dezen handel die geene beletselen onderworpen moest zyn en de uitgestrektheid waar van meer als genoeg is om alle natien te voldoen, is tog niet bevryd van onderdrucking geweld en monopo„ lium de Engelsden die het haast alte mael be„ setten, door het onnoemelyk getal haarer nie„ len, 't zy in Bengalen Madras, of te Bombag, brengen haar afginst zo verre, dat zy met on„ gedultlyden de wanige reederyen die de ande„ re Natien ondernemen, ook laaten zy niets slip„ pen pen om ze te dwarsboomen en ze tot de schade van de reedens te doen uytvallen, de reysen na tjeda Mocha Bassora en Souratter zyn niet meer raatsaam door de maalregulen die zy genomen hebben om zig van den vragt van alle bengaalsche koopluyden te verseeke„ ren; de raadt van Kalkalta reedt schepen, die alleenig voor vragt gehouden worden, en ten dien einde dwingen se de koopluyden haare koopmanschappen aan haer te geven soo ereen is die het weigert, wordt hy in de grondt geboordt, en daar toe gekwelt en gezogt tot dat zyn ondergang 'er uitgesprun is. de Ameniers gehoorzaeme door vrees, en durven niets meer op de hollandsche en fran„ sche scheepen laden; toen zy haare vryheid wilde aanhouden heeft men haare handel gesluit tot dat zy zig onderworpen hebben, de Kalkasche raad heeft de volstrektheid zo verre gebragt dat zelfs de Engelsche parti„ kulieren schepen geen vragt mogen aan nemen tot dat de scheepen van de Raadhael„ temaal ter mede verzien zyn, en dikwyls is 000. met 40 3/64„ 24 23/376 perco Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Carl en Ed„s „medienaar Comptoire verkogt, als 1628¼ met 65½2 prC„t Adran 1048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 percC: ruijm 96. 18. 96: 17 - - - 96 alhier 31½ prc: dueird Prijsen Winst prC 707 16 8. 279. 4 -. 65½ ¶ geheel. Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat m zulks te kunnen Cent, van hier ge het Uwel Edele Besluijt deeser Ven„ 1 Cento ib den Inkoop om te dienen van Raaden. Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impestanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Onixa &a„ George Louis Verner Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens Raad. Heer en. . H: H: Damius het verae het gebeurdt dat de Pions van den Raad tot dien inzegt gesteld langs de rivier de partikuliere Schepen haare vragt uitgenoomen hebben, om de scheepen van de Raad' er meede te laaden, schoon dat de bevragter van zints was een ander schip er mede te begunstigen dit seldsaem gedrag heeft alle partikulieren Engelschen kooplieden aangespoort hare klagten door particulieren klagten brieven na Engeland te versenden, en goe een van haar zal oost weigeren het geene wy hee inbrengen voor de waerheid te verklaaren waer blykt de vryheid hier uit, men ken geen landtaan haalen waer de slaverny en dienstbaarheid verder gebragt werd de Engelsehe wetten zyn kerlyk soo niet ter contrarie haar inhoudt de stean van de regtvaardigheid, het Asclum van de onderdrukte maar deeze zyn van geen waerdi in India, de persoonen die de mag in handen hebben stellen wetten op die haar heerserzuchtige oogmerken beter voldoen, een woord, de begeerlykheid is haar verkozen wet, die door 't opperwezen en magt onderston zynde, de oorzaak uitmaakt van de klagte die
English
which we so justly bring forward, and our carriage to obtain satisfaction for it; it is also principally and in order to endeavor to destroy the maritime trade of the other nations that the English have recently forced the Nawab to forbid them the inland trade. They know very well that the one depends upon the other, which being once prevented, it will become unnecessary to fit out ships since it will be impossible to obtain the necessary cargo for those hulls, whereby they will achieve their objective of making us entirely dependent upon them for the things that are even necessary for subsistence. Since the freedom to provide for ourselves has been taken from us, we will necessarily be forced to turn to them, and to request their favor to accommodate us with the most necessary things, which we will have to pay them for at the price that they shall please to establish, so that our labor will only serve for their benefit, and the other nations settled here will not serve to advance their own fortune, but to work for that of the English private individuals. This is now evident in the piece-goods trade, which we shall discuss hereafter, through the measures taken by them to prevent us from obtaining linen from the Arrengs for the cargo of the Patna ships; they force us to buy the same from them at prices that cause us even to lose hope of obtaining the same value for it in Europe, and if not buying from them, to send the ships empty to the fatherland, whereby the credit of the other nations falls to nothing. We shall expand further on this in the following article concerning the Trade of Private Return Ships. The importance of the matter we are dealing with requires the greatest attentiveness of the nations that have the most interest in the grievances that we have brought forward. We have clearly shown how our privileges have been violated, as well as the acts of violence, monopolies, and oppressions inflicted upon us by the English to our detriment in all branches of trade. But by this article the sinew of the company is attacked; they wish to destroy entirely. Our trade is stopped, our goods are taken away by superior force, the weavers were forbidden to work for anyone other than for the English, and if they transgress this violent order, corporal punishments immediately follow upon it. If they let themselves be persuaded by greed and accept our money to work for us, it was immediately reported by the English spies, and at that instant guards were sent to them, who cut the linen from the looms, shamefully take the weavers from their houses, and subsequently punish them with beatings and sentence them to fines. Finally, they made the matter so hard for them that the weavers came to a general revolt; many have abandoned their trade and preferred to turn to agriculture, and all the others have stayed away from their work for four months, whence it arises that this year the production of piece-goods amounts to one third less than usual. But nevertheless, the English had advanced innumerable sums of money in the Arrengs, whether for their Company as well as for the account of private individuals, and not wishing to fall short, and not caring about the law of nations or the natural justice that they owe to all men as possessors of the land, they have, in order to recover what the acts of violence inflicted upon the weavers would cause them to lose, issued orders that during the period of three months no piece of linen should be made except for the English Nation. The just representations and the bitter complaints that were presented to the Council of Calcutta by the nations have had no effect; they have only [illegible] us with idle promises
Dutch transcription
78 die wy soo regtvaardig voor den dag breng gen, en ons ranspoort om er satisfactie van te erlangen het is ook wel voornamentlyk & om te tragten de zee handel van de andere na„ tien te vernietigen dat de Engelschen korten lings de Nawab gedwongen heeft haar de landhandel te verbieden, sy weeten heel wel dat van dezen den anderen afhankelyk is, dewelke eensbelet synde, het onnodig zal worden scheepen te reden dewyl het onmo„ gelyk zal weezen, de nodige lading voor die kielen te bekomen, waar door zy hunne oogmerk zullen bereeken, van ons ten eene„ „maal van haar afhankelyk te maken voor de zaken die zelfs tot 't leevens bestaen no¬ dig zyn, dewyl ons de vryheid is afgenomen van ons zelfs te versien zullen wy noot¬ wendig gedwongen zyn tot haar te keeren; 21 en haar goedgunstigheid te versoeken om ons 1a te gerieven met de noodwendigste zaaken die wy haar betaalen zullen moeten tegens de prys; dat zy believen zullen, es op te stellen zo dat onze arbeid alleen dat haar voordeel 12 Comptoire verkogt, als 1628¼ met 65½ prC„t Advan= 1048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 p„r C„ reijm 000. met 40 3/64 „ 293 21 576 prCo Edele Achtbare erde Raaden Carl en Ed„ „medienaar Prijsen Winst 33 7968. 15 967.17 . - . . . 96 alhier 31½ prc„o duur 7017. 16.8. 79. 4- . 65½ J ¶ geheel. Cento ib den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge„ heb, UWel Edele Besluijt deeser Ver„ in zulks te kunnen om te dienen van tter als deselve in gerendeert heeft, wat Augustus 1765, met Raaden. Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impestanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Verner Heer zal Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens Raad. Heer en. H: H: Damius lagte die 1 heer gee zal uitdragen, en de andere natien hier geseten zullen niet, tot vordering van haar eigen for„ tuyn, maar tot werkling van die van de Engels sche partikulieren dienen, dit blykt thans aan den Lemraat handel waar over wy na handelen zullen door de maatregulen door haar genomen ons te beletten van Lyn water uit de Arrengs te krygen; tot de Lading van de Patrasche scheepen, dwingen zy ons van dezelve van ons te koopen, tegens pryzen die ons zelfs den hoop doen verliezen van 'er dezelfde waerden voor in Europa te krygen en so niet van haar koper de de scheepen leeg na 't vaderland te zenden waar door het crediet van de andere natien tot niets vervalt, dit zullente wy int volgende Artikel Verders, uitbreeden van van den Handel der Partikulieren retoer schepen. de gewieltigheid van de zaak die wyner handelen vereischt de grootste op letterheid van de natien, die 't meest belang hebben in de be„ swaernissen die wy voor den dag gebragt hebben wy hebben klaar doen blyken hoe datr onze forwille =gien. 881 gien gekrenkt zyn als ook de geweldenary en, naonopoliums, onderdrukvingen, ons door de Engels de aangedaan ter onze nadeel in alle de takken van den handel, maar door dit artikel word de zenuw van de maatschappij en aangerandt men wil zeten eenemaal ver„ netigen onsen handel word gestuit onse waren worden door overmagt weggenomen, de wevers werden verboden voor niemand te werken dan voor de Engelschen, en soo sy dit geweldig gebod overtreeden, volgende Lyf„ straffen 'er aanstonds op so sy door de winst zugt sig laaten vinden en sy ons geld aanne„ men, om voor ons te werken, werdt het aan¬ stonds aangebragt door de Engels de verspie„ ders, en op het oogenblik wagters by haar gesonden, die het lynwaat van de weefton„ wen afsnyden, de weevers uit haar huyzen schandelyk weg nemen, en vervolgens met slagen gestraft, en tot boetens gevonnist wer„ den, eyndelyk heeft men haar de suk soo 73¾ hard gemaakt, dat de weevers tot eene alge,e meene opstand gekomen zyn veele haar am„ 1048¼ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/9 pr C„ rijs 000. met 40 3/64„ 293 21 1/576 prCo Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden barl en Ed„s „medienaar 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„ot Advan Comptoire verkogt, al Prijsen Winst 3968. 1. 967:7- - - - . 96 alhier 31 ½ prc s duurd. 7017. 16 8. 279. 4 - . 654 ¶ geheel. Besluijt deesen Ver„ Cent, van hier ge om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met heb, Uwel Edele ter als deselve in Cento ib den Inkoop gerendeert heeft, wat m zulks te kunnen Raaden. Heer Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ Beneevens =bagt Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare George Louis Verner Raad. H: H: Damius bagt verlaten, en zig liever tot de landbouw brg ven hebben en alle de andere vier maanden lang van haar werk afgebleven zyn, waar van cnt spunt dat dit Jaar het aanmaken van de zy waten eene derde minder bedraagt dan ge„ woonlyk, dog niet te min hadden de Engel sche onnoemelyke somme gelos in de har„ rengs voor uitgeselooten 't zy voor haar Compa gnie als ook wel voor reekening van de parti„ kulieren met te kort willen de schieten, en sig met Htoorende aan het regt der volkeren, of aan de natuurlyke regtvaardigheid die zy aan alle menschen schuldig zyn, als bezitten van het Land, hebben zy om 't geene weder in te winnen dat haar geweldenaryen aan de Weever aangedaan haar zoude doen verliezen, ord res uit laaten roepen, dat 'er geduurende de tyd van drie maanden geen stuk lynwaat gemaakt zou worden dan voor de Engelschen Natie de regtvaardige vertooningen en de bittere klagten die aan den raad van Kalkatte door de natien voorgehouden zyn, hebben van geen cos„ werking geweest sy hebben ons alleen met iedele beloften
English
883 kept up with promises, sought to excuse the violent acts of which we accuse them, whether by fancied pretexts or by known falsehoods; finally, our trade has been ruined and is on the point of being utterly destroyed. Of more than 25 Lakhs which the Dutch Nation expended in the Aurungs this year, they have received scarcely a fourth of the linens; and of a later expenditure of the French Nation, made at various times and amounting to about sixteen Lakhs, that Nation has received barely a third of the linens. The Dutch have indeed dispatched the cargo for three ships, but that was from what they had left over in their warehouses from the previous year, and it is known to the whole world that it is their custom at all times to keep one or two cargoes in reserve; the fourth ship of that Nation was dispatched empty. The French are sending three ships, but in what manner the cargoes were purchased for ready cash from the English private 1628 ¼ at 65½ per Cent Advance 1048¾ at 17¼ 64 3/9 per Cent voyage 000 at 40 3/64 293 21 576 per Cent Honorable Worshipful Lord Councilors and Honorable Office sold, as fellow servant Prices Profit 3 96. 15 6. 77. - - - . 96¾ —7017 16. 8. 279. 4-. - 65¾ here 31½ per Cent lasts entirely. Concludes this to serve of August 1765, with as the same in has rendered, what Cent, from here the, Your Honorable to be able to do such Cent on the Purchase Councilors. Lord Council. The Respective Hugli and over the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms Behar and Orissa etc. George Louis Vernet Together with individuals To the Right Honorable Worshipful and. H: H: Damius individuals at the price charged by those who seek their own profit and know the necessity they are under to purchase it from them, notwithstanding the dearness and poor quality of the goods! This cannot be denied; it appears only too clearly in the invoices and accounts sent to the French company. The contracted linens, and those purchased for cash, are entered separately in the books, which may be inspected, and thereby one may judge in what manner their ships are laden, and how they are wronged in the price. There was no other choice than to submit to these hard conditions and supply oneself in that manner, or to dispatch the ships to Europe without cargo, which would undoubtedly cause the loss of the company's credit, and perhaps its entire ruin, especially having been established so recently. Such is the dreadful picture that we must present; we have overstated nothing; truth has guided our pen, and grief makes us pour out the sighs 885 pour out the sighs that we so earnestly wish may reach our respective courts in Europe, so that our masters, taking pity upon our slavery and oppression, may employ the proper means to deliver us from that tyrannical yoke and absolute power under which we suffer, which will undoubtedly soon cause the disappearance of our trade, and thereby the exclusion of the Nations in Bengal, unless powerful measures are promptly devised for a speedy restoration. If the English in this country were truly minded to allow a peaceful accommodation to be found and not to obstruct the trade to which the Nations have a right, they would not have refused to listen to the various proposals that have been made to them to put the whole matter on such a footing that everyone would find their advantage in it. Mention had been made of conducting a strict census of all the weavers in order subsequently to distribute them among the various Nations. By this arrangement, 000 at 40 3/64 293 21 576 per Cent Honorable Worshipful Lord Councilors Carl and Honorable fellow servant Office sold, 1628 ¼ at 65½ per Cent Advance 1048¾ at 57¼ 64 3/¾ per Cent voyage Prices Profit 3946. . 67 7. - . . 96¾ here 31½2 per Cent lasts 701. 16 8. 279.4-. . . 65 4 entirely. Concludes this to serve of August 1765, with as the same in has rendered, what to be able to do such Cent on the Purchase Cent, from here Your Honorable Councilors. The Respective Hugli and over the Company's Important Interests in the Kingdoms Behar and Orissa etc. George Louis Vernet by To the Right Honorable Worshipful Together with Council. Lord and. H: H: Damius Agreement had indeed been made with the French to leave half of the weavers to the English, but the latter Nation was never directly consulted about it. proposed by the Dutch Director and to which the Chandernagore Council had given its consent, the English would have half of the weavers, and the other half would be distributed in equal portions to the Dutch and French Nations. This arrangement, which was as just and equitable as could be proposed to a nation that holds power in its hands and governs the Kingdom of Bengal as a conquered land, was approved by the English; whereupon each Nation appointed Commissioners who were jointly to carry the aforementioned distribution into execution. These departed on the journey and had already set their hands to the work, from which it was so greatly hoped that all present and future disputes and obstacles would be removed. But what astonishment was caused by the sudden departure of the English Commissioners by order of their Council, which, when called upon to explain this riddle, excused itself by
Dutch transcription
883 beloften op gehouden, de geweldenaryen waar wy se van betigten, tragten te verontschuldigen 't is zy door gewaande voorstelzels, of te door be„ kende leugens, eyndelyk is onzen handel in de grond geboord en staat ten eenemaal vernie„ tigt te worden. van over de 25 Lakken die de hollandsche Natie in de Harrengsaloverte jaar besteed heeft, heeft zy pas een vierde van de Lywaten gekregen, en van een laterbestee„ ding van de fransche Natien, op verscheydene tyden gedaan en die omtrent sestien Lakken bedraagt heeft die Natie er poseen derde van de Lynwaaten van ingekreegen, de hollandens hebben tog de lading voor drie schepen versonden maart was van het geen zy van het voorlede„ ne jaar in haare pakhuyzen overgehouden hadden, en het is de heele waereld bekent dat I„ 't haar gebruik is ter aller tyden Een off tue ht Carguasoenen voor uit te houden, 't vierde schip van die Natie is leeg versonden, de fran,c schen versenden drie scheepen maar op wat wys de Carguasoenen werden ingekogt voor contanten penningen van d' Engelsche partu„ 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„t Advan 1048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 prCo reijs 000. met 40 3/64„ 293 21 576 prCo Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden baro en Ed„s Comptoire verkogt, al „medienaar Prijsen Winst 3 96. 15 6. 77. - - - . 96¾ —7017 16. 8. 279. 4-. - 65¾ alhier 31½ prc s duurd geheel. Besluijt deesen Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met tter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat Cent, van hier ge„ het, Uwel Edele m zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inkoo Raaden. Heer Raad. Den Respectiven Houglijsen en over's Comp„s Impertanten „ Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Ferner Beneevens culieren Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare en. H: H: Damius kulieren tegen de prys dat het die betraagt die haar voordeel zoeken en de noodzakelykheid dan sy weten dat zy zyn om 't van haar te koopen niet tegenstaende de duurte en slegtheid van de waar dit kan men niet tegenspreeken, het blyke maar te klaar; in de factuuren en de rekenin„ gen die aan de fransche maatschappen versonden werden, de besteede Lynwaten, en die voorCon„ tanten ingekogt zyn, zyn ieder byzonder en de boeken opgedragen, die men nazien kan, en daar door oordeelen op wat wyze haare scheep geladen worden, en hae dat ze inde prys belee¬ digt worden, daar was niet anders op dan seg aan die harden gevallen te onderwerpen, en sig op die manier te verzien, ofte de scheepen zonder lading na Europa verzenden, hetwelk zonder twyffel het verlies van 't Crediet van de maatschapfij soude veroorzaken, en ook wel hare heele vernietiging, voor al soo kertelings eerst op geregt zynde, zo is de eischelyke afbeelding die wy voor den dag moeten brengen, wy hebben niets te sterk in gebracht, de waaragtigheid heeft onzepen geleedt, en de smert doet ons de sucht uitbreeken 885 uitbreeken, die wy soo wenschen in Europa aan onze respective hoven te laten toe komen, op dat onse meesters, medendogen krygende met on„ ze Slaverwy, en onderdrukking de regten middelen plegen souden om ons van die teran„ nische Puk, en van die volstrekkheid, waer onder wy leiden, onssoeken te verlossen en die sonder twyffel kortelings de verdwyning van onzen handel zal veroorzaken, en daer door de uitsluiting van de Natiear in Benga„ middelen len zo men met schielyk kragtige reedenen tot een spoedige hetstelling beraamt, soo de Engelsche in dit land van meening warentig tot een bevreediging te laten bevonden en den handel waartoe de Natien regt toe tellen mieti te beletten souden zy niet geweigert hebben te luusteren na de verscheidene voorslagen die haar gedaan zyn om de zaken in het geheel zo een forma te geven dat ie der een 'er zijn voor„ deel in zou vinden men had gesprooken van esce een stipte opneem te doen van alle de wevers om vervolgens die onder de verscheidene Naksze re tien uitte deelen door deze schikking 000. met 40 3/64„ 293 21 576 prC:o Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Carl en Ed„ „medienaar Comptoire verkogt, 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„t Advan 1048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/¾ pr C „ reeij Prijsen Winst 3946. . 67 7. - . . 96¾ alhier 31½2 prc duurd 701. 16 8. 279.4-. . . 65 4 ¶geheel. Besluijt deesen Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met ter als deselve in gerendeert heeft, wat in zulks te kunnen Cento ib den Inko Cent, van hier ge ho„ Uwel Edele Raaden. Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impertanten „ Belangen in de Rijken J Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Serner door Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Beneevens Raad. Heer en. Jon H: H: Damius men had wel met de fransche afge„ „orooken de helft van de weken„ aan de Engels de te laten gemo„ die laast gem: Natiedaat over int gelaaten. ten, maar noort direct zig met door den hollandsche directeur opgedragen en waartoe de sjandemagoorsche raadsyn toe stekroning gegeven had, zouden de Engelsche de helft van de weevers hebben, en de andere helft met equale portien aan de hollandsche en fransche Natien uit gedeelt werden, deze schikking die zoo regtvaardig en billykschap als men aan een natie die de magt in handen heeft kon voor dragen en die het Ryk van Bengaelen besteert als een overwonne landt wierdt van d' Engelscen goed gekeurt waer op ieder Natie Commissarissen benoemde de gesamentlyk de voorgemelde uitdeeling sou¬ =de ten uitvoer brengen, deze namen de reis den, en hadden alreeds de handen aen een werk geslagen, waar uit men soo te hoopen had, dat alle tegenwoordige en toekomende twisten, en hinderpalen uit de weg sonder gelegt worden, maar wat een verwondering oorzaakte met het een klaps vertrek van de Engelschen Commissarissen door bevel van haar Raad, die aangesprooken wierd t tot uit lig van den Raadsel, die zig verschoonde van
English
of this behavior through the common reasons which one will find at the end of this report and the supporting documents, which serve to verify the factual matters; and especially in the journal of the Dutch and French commissioners, wherein one can see not without indignation the faithlessness and the pretexts which the English have employed in order not to fulfill their promises and engagements. This matter having thus come to an end, everything fell more than ever into confusion and dispute; trade was obstructed on all sides, the English overpowered it entirely, and today inflict upon us that damage and prejudice over which we so justly complain. According to what they say, the demand of their Company amounts to 120 lakhs; if it is true, one must agree that they have undertaken to make themselves master of the whole, and to leave nothing to the other nations, since the country annually cannot yield more than that sum sold per factory, already 1628 1/4 with 65 1/2 per cent advance 1048 3/4 with 17 1/4 per cent 64 3/9 per cent real 1000 with 40 3/64 per cent 293 21 1/576 per cent Honorable Worshipful Sir Honorable Councilors Dear and esteemed fellow servant Prices Profit 3 7946. 18. 67 7. - - - 96 3/4 here 31 1/2 per cent more expensive whole. 7017. 16 8. 2790. 4 - . 65 1/2 to serve as August 1765, with letter as the same in yielded, what per cent in the purchase cent, from here to Your Honor in order to be able to Resolution of this Councilors. The Respective Hugli over the Company's important interests in the Kingdoms Behar and Orixa etc. George Louis Vernet Together with is To the Right Honorable Worshipful 887 Council. Sir and. per cent . H: H: Damius 6: a: the quantity that we received from Patna amounts to only 25800 pieces. It is true that the private individuals, feeling the prejudice that such demands would cause to their trade if they were fulfilled, have reduced them by half; the English Company will this year obtain only about 6 lakhs, for eight ships that are to be dispatched from Bengal to Europe. 18 But this reduction has in no way turned to the advantage of the other companies; the English private individuals have enjoyed the benefit of it, because they alone had the remainder manufactured for themselves in order subsequently to sell it to the other nations. According to the reports we have received from the province of Patna, two hundred and fifty thousand pieces of linen should have been produced this year, of which the English Company received seventy thousand pieces, and the Dutch nation say (a) thirty thousand pieces procured through an arrangement with the English chief, of which mention is made in the article on the opium; the French have 823 not received a single piece of goods, being hindered therein by that same English chief in order to avenge himself over a private dispute with the French chief, the particulars of which have been sent to the French Company. There have thus entered into the English and Dutch warehouses one hundred thousand pieces; the one hundred and fifty other thousand pieces were all bought up by the English private individuals, from whom the French were forced to buy them back to complete their cargo at the unreasonable price that is stated in the invoice. They proceeded in the same manner in the workshops at Chandrakona, Mirzapur, Badannagar, Ghatal, Narajol, Radhanagar, Vishnupur, etc. These aurangs produced this year 50 thousand diverse pieces of linen, whereof the English Company obtained 25 thousand, and various private individuals of Calcutta 18300 pieces; by this reckoning there remain only 6 to 7 thousand pieces for the other to 1000 with 40 3/64 93 21 1/576 per cent Honorable Worshipful Sir Honorable Councilors dear and esteemed fellow servant H: H: Damius Factory sold, 1628 1/4 with 65 1/2 per cent advance 1048 3/4 with 57 1/4 64 3/9 per cent real Prices Profit 7007. 16 8. 279. 4 - . 65 1/4 33 7 963. 15. 967. 17 - - - - . 96 3/4 here 31 1/2 per cent more expensive whole. Resolution of this to serve as August 1765, with letter as the same in cent, from here yielded, what 1 per cent in the purchase Your Honor in order to be able to Councilors. The Respective Hugli over the Company's important interests in the Kingdoms Behar and Orixa etc. George Louis Vernet Together with Nations To the Right Honorable Worshipful Council. Sir and per Nations; in order to cause not the least doubt regarding the quantity that we mention here as having been obtained by the English private individuals from the aurangs, they are reported here name by name: 1200 pieces to Bombador Mookerjee Gomasta of Mr. Becher 1700 to Nadiram Sett Gomasta of Mr. Skinner 1500 to Rogoenat Sett Gomasta of Mr. Barwell 700 to Rogonath Dutt Gomasta of Mr. White and Bolton 700 to Binodram Bose Gomasta of Mr. Lushington 1200 to Gokulchand for Mr. Alexander 500 to Saggerhaet Bose for Mr. Droz 600 to Sjesjouram Ghose for Mr. Vansittart 1500 to Dootram Dutt for Mr. Aldersey 1000 to Vicker Goudro for Mr. Bathoe 300 to Nascram Sircar for Mr. Handle 500 to Ramset for Mr. Wooditt 2000 to Nedezer Gopal for Mr. Lester 500 to Consibrani Boral for Apirimoll, gentoo merchant at Calcutta 1000 to Boramgoron Gope for Mr. Graham one has not well been able to find out the names of these two gentlemen 1000 to Nalis Janken 100 to Najaram Mookerjee 1000
Dutch transcription
van dit gedrag door de gemeene reeden die men aan 't einde van dit berigt en de le„ wys stukken zal vinden, die tot het waer maken van de zakelyk heeden dient;, en voor al in 't Journaal van de hollandsche en fransche commissarissen, waar en men met sonderer„ gernisse kan sien de trouwloosheid, en de uit„ vlugten die de Engelsche gebruikt hebben, om niet aan haare beloften en verbintenisse te voldoen. deese saak zoo ten ainde geraakt zynde verviel alles meerder dan ooit in verwarring en turst, den handel wierdt van alle kanten gestuyt de Engelsche overweldigde het in het geheel, en brengen ons heeden die schade en nadeel toe, waar over wy zo regtvaardig„ lyk klaagen, na haar zeggen beloopt den eisch van haare Compagnie tot 120 Cakken zo 't waar is moet men toe stemmen, dat zy ondernomen hebben zig van het geheel mees„ ter te maaken, en niets aan de andere Na„ tien te laten, dewyl het lands voor s' Jaarlyks niet meer dan die somma kan opbrengen per Comptoire verkogt, al 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„ot Advas 1048¾ „ „ 17 ¼ „ 64 3/9 prcCo reeij 1000. met 40 3/64„ 293 21 1/576 prCo Edele Achtbare Heer #rde Raaden Carl en Ed„s „medienaar Prijsen Winst 3 7946. 18. 67 7. - - - 96¾ alhier 31½ prcos duurd ¶ geheel. „7017. 16 8. 2790. 4- . 65½ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met tter als deselve in erendeert heeft, wat Cento ib den Inkoop Cent, van hier ge ot Uwel Edele om zulks te kunnen Besluijt deeser Ver„ Raaden. Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impestanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Onixa &a„ George Louis Vernet Beneevens is Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare 887 Raad. Heer en. JorCo . H: H: Damius 6: a: s de quantiteit die wy van pattena gekreegen hebben, be„ draagtenaar 25800 p:s is waar dat de particulieren het nadeel vaer lende, dat sulke eischen aan haar handel sou„ de toebrengen, soo men ze voldeedze tot den helft verminaert hebben, de Engelsche maat„ schappen sal dit Jaar maar voor Circa 6 a lakn ken krygen, op agt Scheepen die van Benga le na Europa moeten verzonden werden 18 maar deeze vermindering heeft in geenen deelin tot het voordeel van de andere maatschappy en gekeert, de Engelsche partikulieren Ee„ gelsele hebben 't voordeel 'er van genooten dewyl sy alleen het restant voor haar hebben laeten aanmaaken om het vervolgens aan de ande„ re Natien te verkoopen; na de berigten die wy van de provintie van Pattena gekreegen hebben soude dit Jaar twee hondert en vyftig duyzend p. s Lynwaat op getwyf heb„ ben waar van de Engelsche Comp: seventig duyzend stukken heeft gekreegen, en de ho: lansche Natie seg (:a:) dertig duysend stuk„ ken bezorgt door een Schikking met het Engelsch opperhoofd, waarvan in 't Artikel van den Amfroen gemeld wordt de franschen hebben geen 823 geen stuk goed gekreegen, daar in door die selfde Engels che opperhoofd belet om sig te weeken over een partikuliere tuist met het fransche opfpa¬ hoofd, waar van de omstandigheeden aan de frans de Compagnie versonden zyn daar zyn dan honderd duysend stukken in de Engelsche, en hollands de pakhuyzen binnen gekomen, de honderd en vyftig andere duysend stuk„ ken syn alle door de Engelsche partittalie„ re opgekogt van wien de fransce zyn ge¬ dwongen geweest ze weeder te koopen om haar lading te volmaken tegens de onbekou„ lyke prys, die in de factuure bekent staet sy hebben op de selfde wys te werk gegaen in de handwerkhuisen, te sjenderkona Mir„ papen, Baddanegger Gatal narajel Ban„ Sibonpoer &a deeze harrings hebben dit Iaar 50 duysend diverse stucken Lywaat op gebragt, waer van de Engels de Compagnie 25 duysend, en verschei„ -dene partikulieren van kalkatta 18300 stucken bekomen hebben, door deze rekening blyftter maar 6 a 7 duyzend stukken over voor de andere aan 000. met 40 3/64„ 93 21 1/576 pnc:o Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden barl en Ed medienaar H: H: Damius Comptoire verkogt, 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„t Adva 1048¾ „ „ 57¼„ 64 3/¾9 pr Co reeij Prijsen Winst 7007.16 8. 279. 4-. 654 33 7 963. 15. 967. 17- - - - . 96¾ alhier 31½2 prc duurd ¶ geheel. Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met tter als deselve in Cent, van hier ge gerendeert heeft, wat 1 Cento ib den Inko UwelEdele m zulks te kunnen Raaden. Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ George Louis Serner Beneevens Nateen Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare Raad. Heer ent pr Nateen; om niet de minste twyffel te veroorzaaken omtrent de quantiteyt die wy hier opnoemen door de Engelsche Partikulieren uit de harringsgekregen worden sy hier naam by naam gemeld. 1200 p:s aan Bombador mokoerja Gomasta - van Mr: Beber 1700 „ aan Nadiram sjatja Gomasla van M:r s kinner 1500„ aen Rogae-t S jal. Gomasta van M:r Barwell 700: aan kog on- dat gomasta van M:r White en Bolton 700 „ aen Binondrambos Gomasta van M:r Lashington 1200 aan Tokulkona voor M:r Alexander 500 aan Saggerhaetbos voor M:r Droz b00, aan Sjesjouram Goos voor Mr. van Sillaart 1500„ aan doetram dat voor M:r Aldersen 1000 aen Vicker Goudro voor M:r. Balho 300 aen NascRam Serkaar voor M:r: Handelt 500 aen Ramsjet voor Mr. w0o ditt 2000, aan Nedesser Goopal voor Mr Lester 500. aen Consibrani Boraal voor Apirimoll, sentiefsch het koopman tot Kalkatta 1000. aan Boramgoron Gope voor M r Grahan men heeft niet wel agter de 1000. aen Nalis janken ( naam van die twee keeren komen konnen 100 aen najaram mokoeksje 1000
English
A4: 1: besides 196 maunds of mogta, 100 to Sananiam ditto; one has not well been able to find out the names of those two gentlemen; 1000 to Namkisser Goos; 1200 to Kisser Menbon for Mr. Cartier; 18300 pieces for the account of the private merchants of Kalna. After all these proofs and manner of acting, how is it possible for the Company to exist in Bengal? We are treated no better in other places; the difference is only of more or less. The article of silk must not be omitted here; it is of importance to bring to light how many difficulties this subject has caused us. The English have gathered this year for more than 20 lakhs for themselves and for their Company; the French have only been able to procure 1200 maunds, which amounts to about three lakhs, and the Dutch 213, which together makes about one and a half lakhs. The reelers are seized by force; even those in the service of the Dutch and French are not exempt. This is proven by all the correspondence, in which one sees the manifold complaints that were made so often to the Malda council concerning those irregularities. Finally, all objects of trade, whether in Europe or in India, are in the hands of the English, and we think we have given clear evidence of the violence, monopoly, and injustice with which they carry on trade to the prejudice of nations which they have no right to obstruct. We hope that these nations will unite to obtain a just satisfaction, and thereby be in a position to keep the balance somewhat more even; and if not, we must say with regret that Bengal is lost to them, and that we shall be forced to abandon so rich and fertile a country to the English nation, which aims at nothing else than the exclusion of others in order to enjoy it solely and without opposition. There are two means to be employed to bring the nations to an agreement in the cloth trade: the one is the division of the weavers, as according to the former arrangement, whereof one half would be granted to the English nation, and the other half in equal portions to the Dutch and French nations. Note: by this arrangement all other nations are excluded, so that one must only propose a lawful distribution without being tied to a fixed quantity, or the Danish company, which is also established in this country, is to be included. The second means, failing the other, would be to agree that every weaver should deliver one half of his monthly work to the English nation, and the other half to the French and Dutch nations. We see no other alternative than to put one of these two means into practice, in order to prevent all disputes and discords, which will always arise to the disadvantage of the weakest who is forced to yield to the strongest. Likewise with regard to raw silk, the Companies must annually make their demands for the trade of Europe and India, and consequently agree with the English that a number of reelers will be assigned to them according to the size of the demand that will be granted to them. The French nation requires at least 2000 annually, and about as much for the Dutch. By this rule the nations will be brought to a lawful and proper concord; or the question is whether they must leave the country, or establish themselves therein by forceful means, which surely would not be to the advantage of the English nation, who, having arrived at such a degree of supremacy, have nothing more to wish or obtain, but everything to lose in a revolution that would turn against them. Below was written: For translation. Was signed: Louis de Saumaize, D. H. ter Klot, L. Verspyck. Agrees: J. Thoff, Clerk. To the Right Honorable George Louis Vernet, Honorable Lord, together with the Respective Hooghly Council, concerning the Company's important interests in the Kingdoms of Bengal, Behar, and Orixa, etc. Conclusion of this collection to serve from August 1765, showing what it has rendered in percentage from the purchase prices here: Sold at the office: 1628 1/4 with 65 1/2 percent advance 5048 1/4 with 17 1/4 64 3/9 percent ready 000 with 40 3/64 293 with 21 23/576 percent. Prices profit percent total: 7017.16.8 279.4.- 65 3/4 40 7968.18 967:7---. 96 3/4 here 31 1/2 percent more expensive. Right Honorable Lord and Respective Councilors, your Right Honorable Council's humble servant, H. H. Damius.
Dutch transcription
ƒA4: 1:/ behalven 196 maon mogta 100. aen Sananiam dito men heeft niet wel agter de naam van die twee heere komen konnen 1000 aen namkisser goos 1200 „ aan kisser menbon voor M.:r Cartier 18300 p:s voor de recke: van de partikuliere van Kael¬ na alle deze bewyzen en manier van handelen hoe is 't mogelyk dat de maatschappy in Benge„ len bestaen kunnen, wy worden niet beter op an„ dere plaatsen gehandelt; het onderscheid is maar van meer tot minder het artikiel van de seyde moet hier met agtergelaten woorden het is van belang voor den dag te brengen hoe veel mae„ gelykheeden dat dit voorwerp ons aangebragt heeft de Engelschen hebben dit Iaar voor meer dan 20 lak opgedaan, voor haar en voorhaare maatschappy de franschen hebben zig maer 1200 mans kunnen bezorgen, 't geen omtrent drie Lakbedraagt en de hollanders 213Ah. 't geen te samen omtrent een Laken ½ uytmaekt de haspelaars worden met geweld opgevat, selfs die in dienst van de hollanders en frans de Syn nees bevrijt, dit word bewezen door alle de Correspon„ dentien, waarin men sien van de menrsvoldige klagten die zo dikwyls tot de nalhatsche raed Comptoire verkogt, 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„t Advaa 5048¼ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 pr C reij 000. met 40 3/64„ 293 21 1/576 prc:o Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Caro en Ed „medienaar 2 7946. 18. 6:7- - - - . 96¾ alhier 31½ prc dourd. 2701. 16.8. 794. . - 65½ Pijsen Winst prC Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met tter als deselve in om zulks te kunnen 1 Cento ib den Inkoo gerendeert heeft, wat Cent, van hier ge heb UWel Edele Raaden. Raad. Den Respectiven Houglijsen 831 een over's Comp„s Impertanten „ Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ Beneevens katta gedaan Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare George Louis Verner E Heer ren. ¶geheel. ve H: H: Damius eren ede sch de J:C: door dese schikking wer„ den alle andere natier iitge„ een wettige uitdeeling moet voorslaen sonder sig daar aan ren, ofte ook de deensche maat„ vest is, es in te begrapen gedaan zyn omtrent die ongeregeltheden eyndelyk zyn alle voorwerpen van den handel 't zy in Europa of in India in de handen van de Engelschan, en wy den, ken klaaren blyken gegeven te hebben, met wat voor een geweld, monopalium en onbillykheid dat zy den handel dryven tot nadeel van Natien, die zy geen regt hebben te beletten, daar op hoopen wy dat deeze zig by zamen zullen stellen om een regtvaardige satisfactie te verkrygen, en daar door in staet weezen de schael wat regter te houden, en soo niet, moeten wy met leedt seggen deet Bengaalen voor haar verlooren is, en genoodzaakt zullen zyn &o Ryk en vruchtbaarlandt te verlaaten, aen de Engel scle Natie, die geen ander oogmerk beraamt, dan de uitsluyting van andere om het alleenig en sonder tegenstneevenste genieten. C: E: /: daar zyn twee middelen te gebruiken sloten so dat men maar alleen om de nateen in den handel van de zynw een besaelde quantiteite hon ten eens te doen worden, het een is de uildeel schappy die ook in dislandge van de weevers, als na voorige schikking„ waar van een helft aan de Engelsche Na„ tie, en de andere helft met gelyke portien, aan„ de hollanders en fransche Natoen soude toege„ kong staen 893 nong omtrent dis artikel delik (C/ de selfd aanmer„ staen werden (: C:) het tweede middel by gebrek van d'andere souden syn, over eer te komen dat ieder wever van zyn maandelyk werk een helft aan de Engelsche Natie, en dan deze helft aan de fransche en holland„ sche Natien soude leeveren. wy sien'er niets anders op als een van deeze twee middelen ingebruik te stellen tot voorkoming van alle tuisten, en oneenig„ heiden, die sig altoos sullen opdoen tot nadeel van de swakste de gedwongen is voor de sterkste te buygen, als ook ten opzigte van de ruwe syden, moeten s'jaarlyks de maar„ schappyen hare eischen doen, voor den hran„ =del, van Europa- en India, en gevolgelyk met d'Engelsche over een komen, dat haar een getal haspelaars zal geleverd worden na de groote van den eisch die haar toegestaan zal worden, de frans de Natierser s' jaar„ lijks ten minste 2000 benodigt, en Circa ook soo veel aen de hollanders, door deze negel zal men de Natien tot een wettige en behoor„ lyke eendragt doen komen ofte vraeg of 000. met 40 3/64 „ 21 23/576 pnc:o Edele Achtbare Heer erde Raaden Carl enEdo „medienaar Comptoire verkogt, al 1628 ¼ met 65½ prC„t Advas 1048¾ „ „ 17¼„ 64 3/9 pr C reeij 40 7968. 15 467.17 . - - . 964 alhier 31½ prcos duurd Prijsen Winst 7017. 16.8. 79. 4. . . 65 4 geheel. Besluijt deeser Ver„ om te dienen van Augustus 1765, met tter als deselve in gerendeert heeft, wat Cent, van hier ge i zulks te kunnen 1 Cento ib den Inkoop het Uwel Edele Den Respectiven Houglijsen een over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken Behaar en Orixa &a„ laet Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare George Louis Verner Beneevens E Raad. Heer Raaden. en. ve H: H: Damius a laat het landt verlaaten moeten, ofte zig ter door kragtige middelen in te bevestigen, wat sekerlyk het voordeel van d' Engels chenNatie niet soude wezen die tot soo een graad van overmagt gekomen synde, niets meer te wenschen ofte erlangen heeft maar alles te verliezen in een omkeering, die haer soude tegenvallen /onderstond / voort translaat /was getekent/ Louis de Saumaize D: H terklot L Verspijek Accordeert ƒ2: Thoff Cler ved G Raaden. Cent, van hier ge tter als deselve in gerendeert heeft, wat m zulks te kunnen ¶ Cento ib den Inko Augustus 1765, met het UWel Edele om te dienen van Prijsen Winst prC ¶geheel. 7017.16. 8. 279. 4-. 65¾ 03 968. 18. 967: 7- - - - . 96 alhier 31½ prcos duurd Comptoire verkogt, 1628 ¼ met 65½ pr C„ot Adva 1048¾ „ „ 579„ 000. met 40 3/64„ 64 3/9 prc„ reei 21 576 prCo ve Heer erde Raaden Edele Achtbare barl en Ed„o Aan den Wel Edele Achtbare George Louis Vernet n over's Comp„s Impertanten Belangen in de Rijken J Behaar en Orixa &a Beneevens en Respectiven Houglijsen Raad. Heer Besluijt deesen Ver„ en. 293 G „medienaar H: H: Damius